Q: During the light reactions of photosynthesis, what is the correct sequence of electron flow?

$$\text{Water} \rightarrow \text{Photosystem II} \rightarrow \text{Photosystem I} \rightarrow \text{NADP}^+$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of Rubisco in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

It catalyzes the fixation of carbon dioxide into organic molecules during the Calvin cycle.

Question 2

A plant is exposed to intense sunlight and high temperatures. Which adaptation would most likely help it minimize photorespiration and maximize sugar production?

Accepted Answer

Using C4 photosynthesis to concentrate $$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$ around Rubisco.

Question 3

Which process in cellular respiration produces the most ATP, and by what mechanism is this ATP generated?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport chain); by oxidative phosphorylation.

Question 4

During the light reactions of photosynthesis, what is the correct sequence of electron flow?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Water} ightarrow 	ext{Photosystem II} ightarrow 	ext{Photosystem I} ightarrow 	ext{NADP}^+$$

Question 5

Which of the following statements about chemiosmosis is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is the movement of hydrogen ions across a membrane to drive ATP synthesis.

Question 6

A mutation causes a plant to lack Photosystem II. Which of the following would this plant be unable to produce?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen from the splitting of water

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why CAM plants are well-adapted to arid environments?

Accepted Answer

They open their stomata at night to take in $$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$ and store it for use during the day, reducing water loss.

Question 8

Which of the following is a key difference between aerobic respiration and fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation regenerates NAD$$^+ so $$glycolysis can continue without using an electron transport chain.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of phosphofructokinase in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It regulates the rate of glycolysis based on the cell's energy needs.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about photosynthetic pigments is correct?

Accepted Answer

Carotenoids absorb light and protect the plant from excess light.

Question 11

Which of the following is true about the ATP produced during glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

It is produced by substrate-level phosphorylation in the cytoplasm.

Question 12

A facultative anaerobe is placed in an environment with no oxygen. What will most likely happen?

Accepted Answer

It will switch to anaerobic respiration or fermentation to survive.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the difference between linear and cyclic electron flow in the light reactions?

Accepted Answer

Cyclic electron flow produces extra ATP but does not produce NADPH or release oxygen.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct sequence of products and locations for the main stages of cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis: cytoplasm, produces pyruvate, NADH, and ATP; Citric acid cycle: mitochondrial matrix, produces CO$$_2$$, NADH, FADH$$_2$$, and ATP; Oxidative phosphorylation: inner mitochondrial membrane, produces ATP and water.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why having multiple types of photosynthetic pigments is advantageous for plants?

Accepted Answer

It allows plants to absorb a broader range of light wavelengths, increasing photosynthetic efficiency.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about photorespiration is correct?

Accepted Answer

Photorespiration occurs when Rubisco uses oxygen instead of carbon dioxide, reducing sugar production.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between obligate and facultative anaerobes?

Accepted Answer

Obligate anaerobes cannot survive in the presence of oxygen, while facultative anaerobes can survive with or without oxygen.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of oxidation in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glucose losing electrons during glycolysis.

Question 19

Which of the following is a direct product of pyruvate oxidation in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Acetyl-CoA

Question 20

A scientist is studying a mutant plant that only performs cyclic electron flow during the light reactions. Which of the following would most likely be observed?

Accepted Answer

The plant produces extra ATP but no NADPH or oxygen.

Photosynthesis and Respiration Study Guide – General Biology

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