Question 1

Which of the following is a synapomorphy that defines the Archaeplastida clade?

Accepted Answer

Plastids derived from primary endosymbiosis

Question 2

Which pigment is found in both red algae and cyanobacteria, and is responsible for the red coloration of many red algae?

Accepted Answer

Phycoerythrin

Question 3

A scientist discovers a unicellular eukaryote with a peptidoglycan layer in its chloroplasts. To which group does this organism most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

Glaucophytes

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the life cycle of most red algae?

Accepted Answer

Alternation of generations, with both multicellular haploid and diploid stages

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Excavata clade?

Accepted Answer

All members have plastids derived from primary endosymbiosis

Question 6

Giardia lamblia, a diplomonad, is notable for which of the following features?

Accepted Answer

It has mitosomes that do not function in respiration and lack DNA

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the nutritional diversity found in Euglenozoa?

Accepted Answer

They include chemoheterotrophs, photoautotrophs, mixotrophs, and symbionts

Question 8

Trypanosoma, a kinetoplastid, is responsible for which of the following diseases?

Accepted Answer

Chagas' disease

Question 9

Which of the following statements about diatoms is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They are unicellular and secrete a silicon dioxide 'box'

Question 10

Brown algae are unique among stramenopiles because:

Accepted Answer

They are all multicellular and can grow extremely large

Question 11

Which of the following is a key ecological role of dinoflagellates?

Accepted Answer

They are key endosymbionts of corals

Question 12

The apical complex in apicomplexans is used for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Penetrating host cells

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the difference between sex and reproduction in ciliates?

Accepted Answer

Sex (conjugation) involves genetic recombination without producing new individuals, while reproduction (mitosis) produces new individuals

Question 14

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of rhizarians?

Accepted Answer

Long, thin, threadlike pseudopodia

Question 15

Foraminiferans are important in which of the following real-world applications?

Accepted Answer

Stratigraphy and oil exploration

Question 16

Which of the following is TRUE about the Unikonta clade?

Accepted Answer

It includes amoebozoans and opisthokonts

Question 17

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of plasmodial slime molds?

Accepted Answer

They form a large, multinucleate unicellular stage during their diploid phase

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the life cycle of Plasmodium, the malaria parasite?

Accepted Answer

It alternates between haploid and diploid stages in both mosquito and human hosts

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of harmful algal blooms caused by dinoflagellates?

Accepted Answer

Production of toxins that can kill fish and cause lesions

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct match between a protist group and a human disease it causes?

Accepted Answer

Kinetoplastids – Chagas' disease

Protist Diversity: Major Clades, Characteristics, and Life Cycles

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