Question 1

Which property of carbon allows it to form a wide variety of molecules essential for life?

Accepted Answer

Its ability to form up to four covalent bonds with other atoms

Question 2

Which elements are most commonly found bonded to carbon in organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus

Question 3

What is the term for a small unit that joins together to form polymers?

Accepted Answer

Monomer

Question 4

Which of the following best describes a polymer?

Accepted Answer

A molecule made of repeating monomer units

Question 5

Given the structure below, which type of bond is most commonly found between carbon atoms in organic molecules?

$$\mathrm{C} - \mathrm{C}$$

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 6

Why can carbon form chains and rings in organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

Because carbon can form four covalent bonds, allowing for diverse structures

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a macromolecule found in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide

Question 8

A student is analyzing a molecule with the formula $$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6. $$Which class of macromolecule does this most likely represent?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate

Question 9

Which statement best explains why living organisms depend on carbon-based molecules?

Accepted Answer

Carbon can form stable, complex structures necessary for biological functions

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct example of a polymer and its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Protein and amino acid

Question 11

If a carbon atom forms a double bond with another carbon atom, how many additional single bonds can each carbon atom form?

Accepted Answer

Two

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between a monomer and a polymer?

Accepted Answer

A monomer is a single unit; a polymer is a chain of monomers

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of macromolecules in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Providing structural support

Question 14

A scientist discovers a molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. Which macromolecule could this be?

Accepted Answer

Protein

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the structure of benzene?

Accepted Answer

A ring of six carbon atoms with alternating double bonds

Question 16

Which type of bond is responsible for holding together the atoms in a water molecule?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 17

Which macromolecule is made up of nucleotides?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acid

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world example of a carbon-based molecule essential for life?

Accepted Answer

Glucose ($$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6)$$

Question 19

Which of the following statements about carbon is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Carbon can only bond with hydrogen atoms

Question 20

A molecule contains a long chain of carbon atoms with hydrogen atoms attached. Which type of macromolecule is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Lipid

The Chemistry of Carbon: Structure and Properties in Biology

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