$$1\ \mu m = 1 \times 10$$^{-6}$$\ m$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 2

A compound light microscope has an ocular lens of 10X and an objective lens of 40X. What is the total magnification when viewing a specimen?

Accepted Answer

400X

Question 3

Which organelle is responsible for converting light energy into chemical energy in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Question 4

Penicillin is effective against bacteria because it targets structures found only in bacterial cells. Which of the following is one such structure?

Accepted Answer

Bacterial ribosome

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the plasma membrane is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is selectively permeable, allowing some substances to pass through more easily than others.

Question 6

A scientist wants to observe the 3D surface of a virus particle. Which microscope should they use?

Accepted Answer

Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

Question 7

Which of the following correctly matches the organelle with its function?

Accepted Answer

Lysosome – digestion of unwanted particles

Question 8

According to the endosymbiont theory, mitochondria and chloroplasts originated from:

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cells that formed symbiotic relationships with ancestral eukaryotes

Question 9

If a cell has a large number of mitochondria, what can you infer about its function?

Accepted Answer

It requires a lot of energy, such as muscle cells.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins

Question 11

A cell is observed to have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole. What type of cell is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why antibiotics like penicillin do not affect human cells?

Accepted Answer

Human cells lack cell walls and bacterial ribosomes targeted by penicillin.

Question 13

Which organelle is directly involved in packaging and shipping proteins to their destination inside or outside the cell?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 14

A mutation prevents the formation of nuclear pores in a cell. Which process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Transport of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm

Question 15

Which of the following equations correctly converts 1 micrometer ($$\mu m) to $$meters ($$m$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$1\ \mu m = 1 	imes 10$$^{-6}$$\ m$$

Question 16

Which of the following structures is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Question 17

A scientist observes a cell with pili and a capsule. What type of cell is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Question 18

Which process best describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to protein in a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated into protein.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why mitochondria are inherited only from the mother?

Accepted Answer

Egg cells contain far more mitochondria than sperm cells.

Question 20

A freshwater protist uses a contractile vacuole to pump water out of its cell. What would happen if this organelle stopped functioning?

Accepted Answer

The cell would accumulate water and potentially burst.

Tour of the Cell: Structure, Function, and Microscopy

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제