Q: Which formula would you use to calculate productivity as described in the research project steps?

$$\text{Productivity} = \frac{\text{Output}}{\text{Input}}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a population and a sample in business statistics?

Accepted Answer

A population consists of all possible subjects of interest, while a sample is a subset of the population.

Question 2

A researcher wants to estimate the average income of all Douglas College students. She randomly selects 50 students and calculates their average income. Which branch of statistics is she using to make a claim about all students?

Accepted Answer

Inferential statistics

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of qualitative data?

Accepted Answer

The type of car driven by a student

Question 4

A company wants to ensure that all age groups are represented in their employee satisfaction survey. They divide employees into age categories and randomly select from each group. What sampling method is this?

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling

Question 5

Which formula is used to determine the sampling interval $$k in $$systematic sampling?

Accepted Answer

$$k = N / n$$

Question 6

A researcher observes customers in a store without their knowledge to record their shopping behavior. What type of data collection method is this?

Accepted Answer

Direct observation

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of ratio level data?

Accepted Answer

Number of boxes of cereal on a shelf

Question 8

A manager selects every 5th product off the assembly line for quality testing. What sampling method is being used?

Accepted Answer

Systematic sampling

Question 9

Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of convenience sampling?

Accepted Answer

It may not be representative of the population.

Question 10

A company wants to test the effect of a new training program on employee productivity. They randomly assign employees to either receive the training or not, then measure productivity. What is the best data collection method for this scenario?

Accepted Answer

Experiment

Question 11

Which of the following statements about descriptive statistics is correct?

Accepted Answer

Descriptive statistics summarize and display data using charts, tables, and graphs.

Question 12

A researcher uses a computer to randomly select 20 employees from a list of 500 for a survey. What type of sampling is this?

Accepted Answer

Simple random sampling

Question 13

Which of the following is an ethical issue in statistics?

Accepted Answer

Using a sample that is not representative of the population

Question 14

Which of the following best describes interval level data?

Accepted Answer

Data with meaningful differences between values, but no true zero point

Question 15

A researcher divides a city into neighborhoods and randomly selects three neighborhoods. All households in those neighborhoods are surveyed. What sampling method is this?

Accepted Answer

Cluster sampling

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of ordinal level data?

Accepted Answer

The ranking of runners in a race (1st, 2nd, 3rd)

Question 17

Which formula would you use to calculate productivity as described in the research project steps?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Productivity} = \frac{	ext{Output}}{	ext{Input}}$$

Question 18

A company wants to estimate the average wait time at its drive-through windows during lunch hour. Which is the most appropriate data collection method?

Accepted Answer

Direct observation

Question 19

Which of the following is a key advantage of stratified sampling?

Accepted Answer

It ensures all important subgroups are represented in the sample.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the bootstrap method in statistics?

Accepted Answer

A resampling technique that draws many samples with replacement to estimate a parameter

Introduction to Business Statistics: Foundations, Sampling, and Data Classification

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