Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics?

Accepted Answer

Descriptive statistics involve collecting, summarizing, and displaying data, while inferential statistics involve making conclusions or predictions about a population based on sample data and probability theories.

Question 2

A researcher wants to estimate the average income of all students at Douglas College. She randomly selects 50 students and calculates their average income. Which term best describes the group of all Douglas College students?

Accepted Answer

Population

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of stratified sampling?

Accepted Answer

Dividing employees into age groups and randomly selecting a proportional number from each group.

Question 4

In systematic sampling, how is the sampling constant $$k$$ calculated?

Accepted Answer

$$k = N / n$$

Question 5

A company wants to study the effect of price changes on the demand for its product by adjusting the price each week and recording sales. What is the best data collection method for this scenario?

Accepted Answer

Experiment

Question 6

Which of the following is a characteristic of a biased sample?

Accepted Answer

It does not represent the intended population, leading to distorted findings.

Question 7

Which level of measurement is represented by the variable 'temperature in Celsius'?

Accepted Answer

Interval

Question 8

A survey asks respondents to rate their satisfaction as 'Very Satisfied', 'Satisfied', 'Neutral', or 'Dissatisfied'. What is the level of measurement for this data?

Accepted Answer

Ordinal

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of quantitative, discrete data?

Accepted Answer

The number of cars sold by a dealership in a month.

Question 10

A researcher uses a computer to randomly select 25 employees from a list of 500 for a survey. What sampling method is being used?

Accepted Answer

Simple random sampling

Question 11

Which of the following best describes cluster sampling?

Accepted Answer

Dividing the population into clusters that are mini-populations, then randomly selecting entire clusters to sample.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of using secondary data?

Accepted Answer

Using government-published unemployment rates for economic analysis.

Question 13

A manager wants to know if there is a relationship between employee age and productivity. Which statistical tool would be most appropriate to visualize this relationship?

Accepted Answer

Scatter plot

Question 14

Which of the following is a qualitative variable?

Accepted Answer

Type of car (sedan, SUV, truck)

Question 15

A company wants to ensure that all age groups are represented in their employee satisfaction survey. Which sampling method should they use?

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling

Question 16

Which of the following is a potential ethical issue in business statistics?

Accepted Answer

Changing the scale of a graph to exaggerate trends

Question 17

A researcher stands at a busy intersection and surveys the first 30 people who pass by. What type of sampling is this?

Accepted Answer

Convenience sampling

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the ratio level of measurement is correct?

Accepted Answer

Differences and ratios are both meaningful.

Question 19

A company uses the bootstrap method to repeatedly draw samples with replacement from a dataset to estimate the mean. What is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

Resampling

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of inferential statistics?

Accepted Answer

Predicting the outcome of an election based on a poll of 1,000 voters.

Introduction to Business Statistics: Foundations, Sampling, and Data Classification

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