Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between a scientific law and a scientific theory?

Accepted Answer

A law summarizes a series of related observations, while a theory gives the underlying reasons for them.

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of a physical change?

Accepted Answer

Boiling of water

Question 3

A sample of matter is uniform throughout and can be separated into two substances by a physical process. How should this sample be classified?

Accepted Answer

Homogeneous mixture

Question 4

Which separation technique would be most appropriate to separate a mixture of sand and water?

Accepted Answer

Filtration

Question 5

Which of the following is a chemical property?

Accepted Answer

Flammability

Question 6

A student measures the mass of a lead block four times and gets values that are very close to each other but far from the true value. What does this indicate about the measurements?

Accepted Answer

They are precise but not accurate.

Question 7

Which of the following numbers has three significant figures?

Accepted Answer

0.00320

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct SI unit for measuring temperature?

Accepted Answer

Kelvin (K)

Question 9

Convert 25.0 °C to Kelvin using the appropriate formula.

Accepted Answer

$$K = 25.0 + 273.15 = 298.15$$

Question 10

A block has a mass of 250.0 g and a volume of 50.0 mL. What is its density?

Accepted Answer

$$d = \frac{250.0\ \mathrm{g}}{50.0\ \mathrm{mL}} = 5.00\ \mathrm{g/mL}$$

Question 11

Which of the following best describes an amorphous solid?

Accepted Answer

Atoms or molecules are not arranged in any long-range order.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a homogeneous mixture?

Accepted Answer

Sweetened tea

Question 13

Which of the following conversion factors would you use to convert inches squared to centimeters squared?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{6.45\ \mathrm{cm}^2}{1\ \mathrm{in}^2}$$

Question 14

A student multiplies $$2.0035 by$$ $$3.20. $$What is the answer rounded to the correct number of significant figures?

Accepted Answer

$$6.4$$

Question 15

Which of the following statements about energy is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Thermal energy is a type of kinetic energy.

Question 16

Which of the following is an exact number?

Accepted Answer

The number of students in a classroom

Question 17

Which prefix multiplier represents $$10^{-6}$$?

Accepted Answer

Micro-

Question 18

A temperature is measured as $$68.0\ ^\circ\mathrm{F}. $$What is this temperature in Celsius?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{68.0 - 32}{1.8} = 20.0\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}$$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes a compound?

Accepted Answer

A substance composed of two or more elements in fixed, definite proportions

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why gases are compressible while solids are not?

Accepted Answer

Gases have atoms or molecules that are far apart and can be forced closer together.

Chapter 1: Matter, Measurement, and Problem Solving – General Chemistry Study Notes

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