Q: Which equation best describes the behavior of a real gas, accounting for intermolecular forces and finite particle volume?

$$\left[P + a\left(\frac{n}{V}\$$right)^2$$\right] \times [V - nb] = nRT$$

Question 1

A scuba diver descends to a depth where the pressure is 3.00 atm. If the diver's lungs have a volume of 6.00 L at the surface (1.00 atm), what will be the volume of the diver's lungs at this depth, assuming temperature remains constant? (Use Boyle's Law.)

Accepted Answer

$$2.00\ \mathrm{L}$$

Question 2

Which of the following best explains why a mercury barometer can be used to measure atmospheric pressure?

Accepted Answer

Atmospheric pressure pushes mercury up the tube until the weight of the mercury column balances the atmospheric force.

Question 3

Convert a pressure of $$745\ \mathrm{torr} to $$kilopascals $$(\mathrm{kPa}). (1 $$atm = 760 torr = 101.325 kPa)

Accepted Answer

$$98.0\ \mathrm{kPa}$$

Question 4

A 5.00 mL sample of methane gas is cooled from $$60.0\ ^\circ\mathrm{C} to$$ $$30.0\ ^\circ\mathrm{C} at $$constant pressure. What is the final volume? (Use Charles's Law, temperatures in Kelvin.)

Accepted Answer

$$4.55\ \mathrm{mL}$$

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the kinetic molecular theory is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Gas particles lose energy during elastic collisions.

Question 6

A mixture contains 2.0 mol N$$_2$$, 3.0 mol O$$_2$$, and 1.0 mol CO$$_2 in a 20.0 L $$container at $$0.0\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}. $$What is the total pressure in the container? $$(R = 0.08206\ \mathrm{L\ atm\ $$mol^{-1}$$\ K$$^{-1}$$})$$

Accepted Answer

$$6.72\ \mathrm{atm}$$

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the difference between diffusion and effusion?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion is the spreading of gas molecules throughout a space; effusion is the escape of gas through a small hole into a vacuum.

Question 8

A sample of gas has a mass of $$0.311\ \mathrm{g}$$ and occupies $$0.225\ \mathrm{L} at$$ $$328.15\ \mathrm{K}$$ and $$886\ \mathrm{mmHg}. $$What is the molar mass of the gas? $$(R = 0.08206\ \mathrm{L\ atm\ $$mol^{-1}$$\ K$$^{-1}$$})$$

Accepted Answer

$$32.0\ \mathrm{g\ $$mol^{-1}$$}$$

Question 9

Which of the following conditions would cause a real gas to deviate most from ideal behavior?

Accepted Answer

High pressure and low temperature

Question 10

A weather report gives the atmospheric pressure as $$29.92\ \mathrm{in.\ Hg}. $$What is this pressure in atmospheres?

Accepted Answer

$$1.00\ \mathrm{atm}$$

Question 11

A 36.0 L airbag is to be filled with N$$_2$$ gas at $$1.15\ \mathrm{atm}$$ and $$26.0\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}. $$How many grams of NaN$$_3$$ must decompose to produce the required N$$_2$$? (2 NaN$$_3(s$$) → 2 Na(s) + 3 N$$_2(g$$), molar mass NaN$$_3 = 65.01 g/$$mol)

Accepted Answer

$$73.1\ \mathrm{g}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct rearrangement of the ideal gas law to solve for the density $$d of a $$gas?

Accepted Answer

$$d = \frac{MP}{RT}$$

Question 13

A gas is collected over water at $$25\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}$$ and a total pressure of $$758.2\ \mathrm{mmHg}. If $$the vapor pressure of water at this temperature is $$23.78\ \mathrm{mmHg}$$, what is the partial pressure of the collected gas?

Accepted Answer

$$734.4\ \mathrm{mmHg}$$

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT an assumption of the kinetic molecular theory for ideal gases?

Accepted Answer

Gas particles exert attractive and repulsive forces on each other.

Question 15

Which equation best describes the behavior of a real gas, accounting for intermolecular forces and finite particle volume?

Accepted Answer

$$\left[P + a\left(\frac{n}{V}\$$right)^2$$ight] 	imes [V - nb] = nRT$$

Question 16

A tank contains a mixture of 5.0 mol CO$$_2$$, 2.0 mol N$$_2$$, and 1.0 mol Cl$$_2 in a 40.0 L $$container at $$0.0\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}. $$What is the partial pressure of N$$_2$$?

Accepted Answer

$$1.1\ \mathrm{atm}$$

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why the molar volume of real gases deviates from 22.4 L at high pressures?

Accepted Answer

The finite volume of gas particles becomes significant compared to the container volume.

Question 18

If the temperature of a gas sample is doubled at constant volume, what happens to the pressure?

Accepted Answer

It doubles.

Question 19

Which of the following gases would effuse the fastest under identical conditions?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen, H$$_2$$

Chapter 6: Gases – Comprehensive Study Notes for General Chemistry

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