Question 1

Which of the following best describes a periodic property?

Accepted Answer

A property that is predictable based on an element’s position on the periodic table.

Question 2

According to Coulomb’s Law, what happens to the potential energy of two oppositely charged particles as they get closer together?

Accepted Answer

The potential energy decreases.

Question 3

Which of the following elements is a transition metal?

Accepted Answer

Cr

Question 4

Which statement about electron penetration and shielding is correct?

Accepted Answer

An orbital that penetrates into the region occupied by core electrons is less shielded from nuclear charge and therefore has a lower energy.

Question 5

What is the electron configuration for phosphorus (P)?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$\ $$2s^2$$\ $$2p^6$$\ $$3s^2$$\ $$3p^3$$

Question 6

Which of the following elements has the greatest effective nuclear charge on its valence electrons?

Accepted Answer

S

Question 7

Which of the following ions is expected to be paramagnetic?

Accepted Answer

An ion with one or more unpaired electrons

Question 8

Which of the following statements best explains why sodium commonly forms a $$1+$$ ion and not a $$2+$$ ion?

Accepted Answer

Sodium has only one valence electron that is easily removed; removing a second electron would be more difficult because it would be a core electron.

Question 9

Which element would you expect to have a large jump between its third and fourth ionization energies?

Accepted Answer

Be

Question 10

Arrange the following elements in order of decreasing atomic radius: S, Ca, F, Rb, Si.

Accepted Answer

Rb \u003e Ca \u003e Si \u003e S \u003e F

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the trend in first ionization energy across a period?

Accepted Answer

It increases from left to right.

Question 12

Which of the following elements is most likely to form an anion with a $$1-$$ charge?

Accepted Answer

Cl

Question 13

Which of the following statements about metallic character is correct?

Accepted Answer

Metallic character increases down a group and decreases across a period.

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why valence electrons are more important than core electrons in determining the reactivity and bonding in atoms?

Accepted Answer

Since bonding involves the transfer or sharing of electrons, valence electrons are most important because they are held most loosely.

Question 15

Which of the following elements has the highest electron affinity (most negative value)?

Accepted Answer

Cl

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct order of filling for atomic orbitals according to the aufbau principle?

Accepted Answer

$$1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p$$

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the size of ions is correct?

Accepted Answer

Cations are smaller than their neutral atoms, and anions are larger than their neutral atoms.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the electron configuration of a halogen atom?

Accepted Answer

One electron fewer than the next noble gas.

Question 19

Which of the following is a property of metals?

Accepted Answer

They are good conductors of heat and electricity.

Periodic Properties of the Elements: Structure, Electron Configuration, and Trends

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