Question 1

Which of the following best explains why the atomic radius increases as you move down a group in the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are added to higher principal energy levels, increasing the distance from the nucleus.

Question 2

According to Coulomb’s Law, what happens to the potential energy of two oppositely charged particles as they get closer together?

Accepted Answer

The potential energy decreases.

Question 3

Which of the following elements is a transition metal?

Accepted Answer

Cr

Question 4

Which statement about electron configuration is correct?

Accepted Answer

Electrons fill orbitals to minimize the energy of the atom, filling lower-energy orbitals first.

Question 5

Which of the following electron configurations represents a noble gas?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$ $$2s^2$$ $$2p^6$$

Question 6

Which of the following best describes Hund’s Rule?

Accepted Answer

Electrons occupy degenerate orbitals singly with parallel spins before pairing.

Question 7

A main-group element has an outer electron configuration of $$ns^2$$ $$np^5. $$What charge is likely for an ion of this element?

Accepted Answer

1-

Question 8

Which of the following atoms has the greatest effective nuclear charge experienced by its valence electrons?

Accepted Answer

S

Question 9

Which of the following ions is expected to be paramagnetic?

Accepted Answer

An ion with one or more unpaired electrons

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the periodic trend in first ionization energy is correct?

Accepted Answer

First ionization energy increases across a period.

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why sodium commonly forms a 1+ ion and not a 2+ ion?

Accepted Answer

Sodium has only one valence electron that is easily removed; removing a second electron would be more difficult because it would be a core electron.

Question 12

Which of the following elements has the most metallic character?

Accepted Answer

Rb

Question 13

Which of the following statements about atomic radii is true?

Accepted Answer

Atomic radius increases down a group and decreases across a period.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the electron configuration of a transition metal cation?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are removed first from the s orbital of the highest principal energy level.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about electron affinity is correct?

Accepted Answer

Halogens have the most negative electron affinities in their period.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why valence electrons are more important than core electrons in determining the reactivity and bonding in atoms?

Accepted Answer

Since bonding involves the transfer or sharing of electrons, valence electrons are most important because they are held most loosely.

Question 17

Which of the following pairs of atoms or ions are isoelectronic?

Accepted Answer

O$$^{2-}$$ and F$$^-$$

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the Pauli Exclusion Principle is correct?

Accepted Answer

No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the trend in metallic character in the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

Metallic character decreases across a period and increases down a group.

Periodic Properties of the Elements: Structure, Electron Configuration, and Trends

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