Question 1

Which of the following best describes an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond formed by the transfer of electrons from a metal to a nonmetal.

Question 2

Which periodic trend increases as you move from left to right across a period and from bottom to top within a group?

Accepted Answer

Ionization energy

Question 3

What is the definition of first ionization energy ($$IE_1$$)?

Accepted Answer

The energy required to remove the first electron from a neutral atom in the gaseous state.

Question 4

Which element would have the most negative electron affinity (EA), excluding noble gases?

Accepted Answer

Fluorine (F)

Question 5

Why does sodium (Na) have a much higher second ionization energy ($$IE_2) $$compared to its first ionization energy ($$IE_1$$)?

Accepted Answer

The second electron is removed from a stable noble gas configuration.

Question 6

Which of the following correctly describes the trend in atomic radius across a period from left to right?

Accepted Answer

Atomic radius decreases due to increased effective nuclear charge.

Question 7

Consider the formation of NaCl from its elements. Which step is associated with the lattice energy ($$\Delta H_{lattice}$$)?

Accepted Answer

Na$$^+(g) + Cl$^-(g$$) → NaCl(s)

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why noble gases have very low (or positive) electron affinities?

Accepted Answer

They have a stable, filled valence shell.

Question 9

Which of the following pairs of elements is most likely to form an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

Sodium and Chlorine

Question 10

Which equation correctly represents the first ionization energy of magnesium?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Mg(g) \rightarrow Mg^+(g) + e^-}$$

Question 11

Which of the following statements about electron affinity (EA) is correct?

Accepted Answer

EA becomes more negative across a period from left to right (excluding noble gases).

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why the atomic radius increases down a group?

Accepted Answer

The principal quantum number ($$n) $$increases, adding more electron shells.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct statement about the energetics of ionic bonding?

Accepted Answer

Lattice energy is released when gaseous ions combine to form an ionic solid.

Question 14

Which of the following elements has the highest first ionization energy?

Accepted Answer

Argon (Ar)

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the trend in successive ionization energies for a given element?

Accepted Answer

Each successive ionization energy is higher than the previous one.

Question 16

Which of the following is the best explanation for why the third ionization energy of magnesium is much higher than the second?

Accepted Answer

The third electron is removed from a filled shell (core electron).

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the electron configuration of the Na$$^+$$ ion?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$ $$2s^2$$ $$2p^6$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world application of ionic bonding?

Accepted Answer

The formation of table salt (NaCl) from sodium and chlorine.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why fluorine has a more negative electron affinity than neon?

Accepted Answer

Fluorine has a higher effective nuclear charge and is one electron away from a noble gas configuration.

Periodic Trends and Ionic Bonding: Lecture 10

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