Q: Which of the following is the correct nuclear equation for the alpha decay of $$ ^{238}_{92}\text{U} $$?

$$ ^{238}_{92}\text{U} \$$rightarrow ^{234}$$_{90}\text{Th} $$+ ^{4}$$_{2}\text{He} $$

Q: Which radioisotope is commonly used to diagnose and treat thyroid disorders?

Iodine-131 ($$ ^{131}_{53}\text{I} )$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes alpha radiation?

Accepted Answer

Alpha radiation is the emission of a particle with a mass number of 4 and atomic number of 2, represented as $$ ^4_2	ext{He} .$$

Question 2

Which of the following materials provides the best protection against gamma radiation?

Accepted Answer

A lead shield

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct nuclear equation for the alpha decay of $$ ^{238}_{92}	ext{U} $$?

Accepted Answer

$$ ^{238}_{92}	ext{U} \$$rightarrow ^{234}$$_{90}	ext{Th} $$+ ^{4}$$_{2}	ext{He} $$

Question 4

A sample of a radioisotope has a half-life of 8 hours. If you start with 80 mg, how much remains after 24 hours?

Accepted Answer

10 mg

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a positron?

Accepted Answer

A particle with the same mass as an electron but a positive charge, represented as $$ ^0_{+1}e .$$

Question 6

Which radioisotope is commonly used to diagnose and treat thyroid disorders?

Accepted Answer

Iodine-131 ($$ ^{131}_{53}	ext{I} )$$

Question 7

Which of the following statements about beta decay is correct?

Accepted Answer

Beta decay increases the atomic number by one while the mass number remains unchanged.

Question 8

What is the main difference between a stable magnesium isotope and a radioactive magnesium isotope?

Accepted Answer

A stable magnesium isotope has a balanced ratio of protons to neutrons, while a radioactive magnesium isotope has an unstable ratio, causing it to emit radiation.

Question 9

Which unit is used to measure the biological effect of radiation on human tissue?

Accepted Answer

rem

Question 10

A 64-mg sample of Element-126 (half-life = 16 hours) is left for 26 hours. How much remains?

Accepted Answer

19 mg

Question 11

Which of the following best describes gamma radiation?

Accepted Answer

Gamma radiation is a high-energy photon with no mass or charge, represented as $$ ^0_{0}\gamma .$$

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of artificial transmutation?

Accepted Answer

Bombarding nitrogen-14 with an alpha particle to produce oxygen-17 and a proton.

Question 13

Which device is commonly used by healthcare workers to monitor their exposure to radiation?

Accepted Answer

Dosimeter

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why radiation is used in the food industry?

Accepted Answer

To kill bacteria and parasites, increasing food safety and shelf life.

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct symbol for a beta particle?

Accepted Answer

$$ ^0_{-1}e $$

Question 16

Which of the following statements about the penetration power of radiation is correct?

Accepted Answer

Alpha particles are stopped by paper, beta particles by heavy clothing, and gamma rays require lead or thick concrete.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a decay curve?

Accepted Answer

A graph showing the decrease in the amount of a radioactive isotope over time.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct nuclear equation for positron emission from $$ ^{22}_{11}	ext{Na} $$?

Accepted Answer

$$ ^{22}_{11}	ext{Na} \$$rightarrow ^{22}$$_{10}	ext{Ne} $$+ ^{0}$$_{+1}e $$

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the production of radioisotopes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Radioisotopes can be produced by bombarding stable nuclei with neutrons or other particles in a nuclear reactor.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the rem dose?

Accepted Answer

It is determined by multiplying the absorbed dose (in rad) by a quality factor that accounts for the type of radiation.

Step-by-Step Guidance for Nuclear Chemistry Worksheet (CHEM 1151)

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