Commercial concentrated aqueous ammonia is 28% NH 3 by mass and has a density of 0.90 g/mL. What is the molarity of this solution?

Step 1: Understand the problem. We are asked to find the molarity of a solution. Molarity (M) is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. In this case, the solute is NH_{3} and the solution is the aqueous ammonia.. Step 2: Calculate the mass of NH_{3} in 1 mL of solution. Since the solution is 28% NH_{3} by mass, this means that in every 100 g of solution, there are 28 g of NH_{3}. Given the density of the solution is 0.90 g/mL, we can calculate the mass of NH_{3} in 1 mL of solution by multiplying the density by the percentage of NH_{3}.. Step 3: Convert the mass of NH_{3} in 1 mL of solution to moles. We can do this by dividing the mass of NH_{3} by its molar mass. The molar mass of NH_{3} is approximately 17.03 g/mol.. Step 4: Convert the volume of the solution from mL to L. There are 1000 mL in 1 L, so we divide the volume in mL by 1000.. Step 5: Calculate the molarity of the solution. Now that we have the number of moles of NH_{3} and the volume of the solution in L, we can calculate the molarity by dividing the number of moles by the volume in L.

Commercial concentrated aqueous ammonia is 28% NH3 by mass and has a density of 0.90 g/mL. What is the molarity of this solution?

Step 1: Understand the problem. We are asked to find the molarity of a solution. Molarity (M) is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. In this case, the solute is NH_{3} and the solution is the aqueous ammonia. Step 2: Calculate the mass of NH_{3} in 1 mL of solution. Since the solution is 28% NH_{3} by mass, this means that in every 100 g of solution, there are 28 g of NH_{3}. Given the density of the solution is 0.90 g/mL, we can calculate the mass of NH_{3} in 1 mL of solution by multiplying the density by the percentage of NH_{3}. Step 3: Convert the mass of NH_{3} in 1 mL of solution to moles. We can do this by dividing the mass of NH_{3} by its molar mass. The molar mass of NH_{3} is approximately 17.03 g/mol. Step 4: Convert the volume of the solution from mL to L. There are 1000 mL in 1 L, so we divide the volume in mL by 1000. Step 5: Calculate the molarity of the solution. Now that we have the number of moles of NH_{3} and the volume of the solution in L, we can calculate the molarity by dividing the number of moles by the volume in L.

Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions

Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 14th Edition

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Brown 14th Edition

Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions

문제 56

13장, 문제 56

Commercial concentrated aqueous ammonia is 28% NH₃ by mass and has a density of 0.90 g/mL. What is the molarity of this solution?

검증된 단계별 안내

Step 1: Understand the problem. We are asked to find the molarity of a solution. Molarity (M) is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. In this case, the solute is NH₃ and the solution is the aqueous ammonia.

Step 2: Calculate the mass of NH₃ in 1 mL of solution. Since the solution is 28% NH₃ by mass, this means that in every 100 g of solution, there are 28 g of NH₃. Given the density of the solution is 0.90 g/mL, we can calculate the mass of NH₃ in 1 mL of solution by multiplying the density by the percentage of NH₃.

Step 3: Convert the mass of NH₃ in 1 mL of solution to moles. We can do this by dividing the mass of NH₃ by its molar mass. The molar mass of NH₃ is approximately 17.03 g/mol.

Step 4: Convert the volume of the solution from mL to L. There are 1000 mL in 1 L, so we divide the volume in mL by 1000.

Step 5: Calculate the molarity of the solution. Now that we have the number of moles of NH₃ and the volume of the solution in L, we can calculate the molarity by dividing the number of moles by the volume in L.

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Molarity

Molarity is a measure of concentration defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It is expressed in moles per liter (mol/L) and is crucial for understanding how much solute is present in a given volume of solution. To calculate molarity, one must know the amount of solute in moles and the total volume of the solution in liters.

Density

Density is the mass of a substance per unit volume, typically expressed in grams per milliliter (g/mL) or kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³). In this context, the density of the ammonia solution allows us to convert the mass of the solution into volume, which is essential for calculating molarity. Understanding density helps in determining how much solution corresponds to a given mass.

Percent by Mass

Percent by mass is a way to express the concentration of a component in a mixture, calculated as the mass of the solute divided by the total mass of the solution, multiplied by 100. In this case, the 28% by mass of NH₃ indicates that there are 28 grams of ammonia in every 100 grams of solution. This information is vital for determining the amount of solute available for molarity calculations.