Calculate the pH of each of the following strong acid solutions: (b) 1.52 g of HNO₃ in 575 mL of solution

검증된 단계별 안내

Calculate the number of moles of HNO_3 using its molar mass. The molar mass of HNO_3 is approximately 63.01 g/mol.

Convert the mass of HNO_3 (1.52 g) to moles by dividing by the molar mass.

Determine the concentration of HNO_3 in the solution by dividing the number of moles by the volume of the solution in liters (575 mL = 0.575 L).

Since HNO_3 is a strong acid, it dissociates completely in water. Therefore, the concentration of HNO_3 is equal to the concentration of H^+ ions.

Calculate the pH of the solution using the formula pH = -\(\log\)[H^+].

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Strong Acids

Strong acids, such as nitric acid (HNO3), completely dissociate in water, meaning that all the acid molecules break apart into their constituent ions. This complete ionization is crucial for calculating the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in solution, which directly affects the pH.

pH Scale

The pH scale is a logarithmic scale used to measure the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral, while values below 7 indicate acidic solutions and values above 7 indicate basic solutions. The pH is calculated using the formula pH = -log[H+], where [H+] is the concentration of hydrogen ions in moles per liter.

Concentration Calculation

To calculate the concentration of H+ ions in a solution, one must first determine the number of moles of the solute (in this case, HNO3) and then divide by the volume of the solution in liters. The formula used is: concentration (M) = moles of solute / volume of solution (L). This concentration is essential for determining the pH of the solution.

Calculate the pH of each of the following strong acid solutions: (b) 1.52 g of HNO3 in 575 mL of solution