(b) As the acid is titrated, the pH of the solution after the addition of 11.05 mL of the base is 4.89. What is the K_a for the acid?

검증된 단계별 안내

Identify the type of titration: Since the pH is given after adding a base to an acid, this is an acid-base titration.

Use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation: \( \text{pH} = \text{pK}_a + \log \left( \frac{[\text{A}^-]}{[\text{HA}]} \right) \), where \([\text{A}^-]\) is the concentration of the conjugate base and \([\text{HA}]\) is the concentration of the acid.

Rearrange the equation to solve for \( \text{pK}_a \): \( \text{pK}_a = \text{pH} - \log \left( \frac{[\text{A}^-]}{[\text{HA}]} \right) \).

Convert \( \text{pK}_a \) to \( K_a \) using the relationship \( K_a = 10^{-\text{pK}_a} \).

Determine the concentrations of \([\text{A}^-]\) and \([\text{HA}]\) using the initial concentrations and volumes of the acid and base to find \( K_a \).

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Acid-Base Titration

An acid-base titration is a quantitative analytical method used to determine the concentration of an acid or base in a solution. During the titration, a base is gradually added to an acid (or vice versa) until the reaction reaches the equivalence point, where the amount of acid equals the amount of base. The pH of the solution changes throughout the process, and specific pH values can indicate the strength of the acid or base involved.

pH and pKa Relationship

The pH of a solution is a measure of its acidity or basicity, defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration. The pKa is the negative logarithm of the acid dissociation constant (Ka) and indicates the strength of an acid; lower pKa values correspond to stronger acids. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation relates pH, pKa, and the concentrations of the acid and its conjugate base, allowing for the calculation of Ka when pH and concentrations are known.

Acid Dissociation Constant (Ka)

The acid dissociation constant (Ka) quantifies the strength of an acid in solution, representing the equilibrium constant for the dissociation of the acid into its ions. A higher Ka value indicates a stronger acid that dissociates more completely in solution. The Ka can be calculated using the concentrations of the products and reactants at equilibrium, which is essential for determining the strength of the acid in the titration scenario presented.

(b) As the acid is titrated, the pH of the solution after the addition of 11.05 mL of the base is 4.89. What is the Ka for the acid?