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Ch.10 - Gases: Their Properties & Behavior
McMurry - Chemistry 8th Edition
McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경
모든 교과서McMurry 8th EditionCh.10 - Gases: Their Properties & Behavior문제 145c
10장, 문제 145c

An empty 4.00-L steel vessel is filled with 1.00 atm of CH4(g) and 4.00 atm of O2(g) at 300 °C. A spark causes the CH4 to burn completely, according to the equation
CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g) ΔH° = -802 kJ
(c) What is the partial pressure of CO2(g) in the vessel after combustion?

검증된 단계별 안내
1
Identify the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of methane: CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g). This equation shows that one mole of CH4 reacts with two moles of O2 to produce one mole of CO2 and two moles of H2O.
Determine the initial moles of CH4 and O2 using the ideal gas law, PV = nRT. Given that the pressure (P) of CH4 is 1.00 atm and the volume (V) is 4.00 L, calculate the moles of CH4. Similarly, calculate the moles of O2 using its initial pressure of 4.00 atm.
Use stoichiometry to find the limiting reactant. Compare the mole ratio of CH4 to O2 from the balanced equation with the initial moles calculated. The reactant that produces the least amount of product is the limiting reactant.
Calculate the moles of CO2 produced using the stoichiometry of the reaction. Since the limiting reactant determines the amount of product formed, use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to find the moles of CO2.
Determine the partial pressure of CO2 using the ideal gas law. With the moles of CO2 calculated and the volume and temperature of the vessel known, apply the ideal gas law to find the partial pressure of CO2 in the vessel after combustion.

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Ideal Gas Law

The Ideal Gas Law relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of a gas through the equation PV = nRT. This law is essential for understanding how gases behave under different conditions and is crucial for calculating changes in pressure and volume during chemical reactions.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
01:15
Ideal Gas Law Formula

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry involves the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on balanced chemical equations. In this case, it helps determine the amount of CO2 produced from the complete combustion of CH4, allowing for the calculation of its partial pressure after the reaction.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
01:16
Stoichiometry Concept

Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures

Dalton's Law states that in a mixture of gases, the total pressure is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas. This principle is vital for determining the partial pressure of CO2 after the combustion of CH4, as it allows us to account for the contributions of all gases present in the vessel.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
00:27
Dalton's Law and Partial Pressure
관련 실천
교과서 질문

An empty 4.00-L steel vessel is filled with 1.00 atm of CH4(g) and 4.00 atm of O2(g) at 300 °C. A spark causes the CH4 to burn completely, according to the equation

CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g) ΔH° = -802 kJ

(b) What is the final temperature inside the vessel after combustion, assuming that the steel vessel has a mass of 14.500 kg, the mixture of gases has an average molar heat capacity of 21 J/(mol·°C), and the heat capacity of steel is 0.449 J/(g·°C)?

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교과서 질문

When a gaseous compound X containing only C, H, and O is burned in O2, 1 volume of the unknown gas reacts with 3 volumes of O2 to give 2 volumes of CO2 and 3 volumes of gaseous H2O. Assume all volumes are measured at the same temperature and pressure. (a) Calculate a formula for the unknown gas, and write a balanced equation for the combustion reaction.

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교과서 질문

An empty 4.00-L steel vessel is filled with 1.00 atm of CH4(g) and 4.00 atm of O2(g) at 300 °C. A spark causes the CH4 to burn completely, according to the equation

CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g) ΔH° = -802 kJ

(a) What mass of CO2(g) is produced in the reaction?

575
views