Question 1

In the image provided, which labels represent a pair of sister chromatids?

Accepted Answer

3 and 4

Question 2

Based on the chromosome image, is the structure labeled '5' a chromatid?

Accepted Answer

True

Question 3

If a cell with 2n = 8 undergoes meiosis but experiences nondisjunction of one homologous pair in meiosis I, how many chromosomes will each gamete contain after meiosis II?

Accepted Answer

3 and 5

Question 4

Which event occurs in meiosis II but not in meiosis I?

Accepted Answer

Separation of sister chromatids

Question 5

What would happen if crossing over occurred between sister chromatids instead of homologous chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

No new allele combinations would form because sister chromatids are identical

Question 6

What is the main function of the centromere in eukaryotic chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

It serves as the attachment site for spindle fibers that pull chromatids apart

Question 7

During anaphase I of meiosis in a diploid organism with a normal 2n = 8, what are the cell’s ploidy (n) and DNA content (C)?

Accepted Answer

$$n = 4$$ and $$2C$$

Question 8

If the haploid number of a species is 5, how many possible gamete combinations can result from independent assortment (ignoring crossing over)?

Accepted Answer

$$2^5 = 32$

Question 9

If a coin is flipped three times, what is the probability of getting exactly two heads?

Accepted Answer

$$0.375$$

Question 10

In pea plants, tall (T) is dominant over short (t), and yellow seeds (Y) are dominant over green (y). Cross two heterozygous plants ($$TtYy 	imes TtYy). $$What is the probability of getting an offspring that is short with green seeds?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{16}$$

Question 11

A true-breeding black guinea pig crossed with a white guinea pig produces all black F1 offspring. If two F1s are crossed, what proportion of F2 are white?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{4}$$

Question 12

A white hen ($$C^wC^w) $$crossed with a black rooster ($$C^BC^B) $$produces speckled offspring ($$C^BC^w). $$This inheritance is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Codominance

Question 13

A heterozygous pink snapdragon crossed with another pink snapdragon produces red, pink, and white offspring. This demonstrates:

Accepted Answer

Incomplete dominance

Question 14

A human cell contains 47 chromosomes, including an extra chromosome 18. This condition is:

Accepted Answer

Trisomy

Question 15

A diploid cell with $$2n = 10$$ undergoes mitosis and fails cytokinesis. What will be the ploidy of the resulting cell?

Accepted Answer

$$4n$$

Question 16

What type of chromosomal mutation is shown in the image with the green chromosome missing a lower section?

Accepted Answer

Deletion

Question 17

What type of chromosomal deletion is shown in the image with the wildtype and mutated chromosome, where the middle segment is missing?

Accepted Answer

Intercalary deletion

Question 18

In the pedigree shown, what is the probability that individual II-2 is a carrier for an autosomal recessive trait if II-1 is affected?

Accepted Answer

67%

Question 19

In the pedigree with individual 6 (square with a question mark), what is the probability that individual 6 has straight hair, given that curly hair is dominant and individual 5 has two parents with curly hair and a sister with straight hair?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{4}$$

Question 20

In the four-generation pedigree with a diamond in generation IV, which mode of inheritance best fits the pattern shown?

Accepted Answer

X-linked recessive

Genetics Exam 1 Study Guide: Chromosomes, Cell Cycle, Meiosis, Mendelian Genetics, Pedigrees, and Chromosomal Mutations

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