Question 1

Which of the following best describes Mendel’s Law of Segregation?

Accepted Answer

The two copies of a gene segregate from each other during gamete formation, so each gamete receives only one copy.

Question 2

A pea plant with genotype Tt is crossed with another Tt plant. What is the probability that their offspring will be homozygous recessive?

Accepted Answer

$$0.25$$

Question 3

In a dihybrid cross between two plants with genotype RrYy, what is the expected phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

$$9:3:3:1$$

Question 4

Which of the following is a correct application of the product rule in genetics?

Accepted Answer

Multiplying the probabilities of two independent events occurring in a specific sequence.

Question 5

A testcross is performed by crossing an individual of unknown genotype with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A homozygous recessive individual

Question 6

If a cross between two heterozygous tall pea plants (Tt x Tt) produces 7 offspring, what is the probability that exactly 5 of them will be tall? (Use binomial expansion: $$P = \frac{n!}{x!(n-x)!} p^x q$$^{n-x}$$, where p = 0.75$ for tall, q = 0.25$ for short)

Accepted Answer

$$P = \frac{7!}{5!2!} (0.75)^5$ (0.25)^2$ = 0.311$$

Question 7

Which of the following statements about Mendel’s experiments is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

He found that dominant traits can skip generations.

Question 8

A cross between a plant with genotype Tt and a plant with genotype tt produces what proportion of tall offspring?

Accepted Answer

$$0.50$$

Question 9

Which of the following best explains the Law of Independent Assortment?

Accepted Answer

Alleles for different genes assort independently of one another during gamete formation.

Question 10

In a pedigree, a trait appears equally in both males and females and skips generations. What is the most likely mode of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal recessive

Question 11

A cross between two pea plants produces 360 tall and 140 short offspring. What is the expected number of tall offspring if the expected ratio is $$3:1$$?

Accepted Answer

$$375$$

Question 12

Given observed values of 360 tall and 140 short, and expected values of 375 tall and 125 short, what is the Chi-square value? (Use $$\$$chi^2$$ = \sum \frac{(O-E)^2$}{E})$$

Accepted Answer

$$2.4$$

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a step in Mendel’s experimental approach?

Accepted Answer

Sequencing the DNA of each plant

Question 14

If the Chi-square value calculated from your data is less than the critical value from the table, what should you conclude?

Accepted Answer

Accept your hypothesis

Question 15

Which of the following best describes a heterozygous individual?

Accepted Answer

Has two different alleles for a gene

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of the sum rule in genetics?

Accepted Answer

Calculating the probability of an offspring being either homozygous dominant or homozygous recessive by adding their individual probabilities.

Question 17

Which of the following is a direct consequence of the chromosomal theory of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Genes are located on chromosomes, which segregate and assort independently during meiosis.

Question 18

In a cross between two plants with genotypes RrYy x RrYy, what is the probability of obtaining an offspring with genotype rryy?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{16}$$

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a question you would ask when analyzing a human pedigree?

Accepted Answer

What is the DNA sequence of the affected gene?

Mendelian Genetics: Principles, Experiments, and Applications

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