Question 1

Which of the following is the correct electron configuration for a neutral atom of magnesium (Mg, atomic number 12)?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$\ $$2s^2$$\ $$2p^6$$\ $$3s^2$$

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the difference between ionic and covalent bonding?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons, while covalent bonding involves the sharing of electrons.

Question 3

What is the correct chemical formula for aluminum oxide, given that aluminum forms a $$3^+$$ ion and oxygen forms a $$2^-$$ ion?

Accepted Answer

$$Al_2O_3$$

Question 4

What is the correct name for the compound $$Na_2SO_4$$?

Accepted Answer

Sodium sulfate

Question 5

How many valence electrons are present in a phosphorus atom (atomic number 15)?

Accepted Answer

5

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct Lewis structure for a molecule of $$CO_2$$?

Accepted Answer

O=C=O, with each O atom having two lone pairs

Question 7

According to VSEPR theory, what is the electron group geometry and molecular shape of $$CH_4$$?

Accepted Answer

Tetrahedral electron group geometry and tetrahedral molecular shape

Question 8

Which of the following molecules is polar?

Accepted Answer

$$H_2O$$

Question 9

Which of the following best defines electronegativity?

Accepted Answer

The ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond

Question 10

Which of the following bonds is considered the most polar?

Accepted Answer

$$H-F$$

Question 11

A patient is given a medication containing $$CaCl_2. $$What is the total number of ions produced when one formula unit of $$CaCl_2$$ dissolves in water?

Accepted Answer

3

Question 12

Which of the following statements about Lewis structures is correct?

Accepted Answer

A single bond consists of two shared electrons between two atoms.

Question 13

Which of the following compounds contains both ionic and covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

$$NaNO_3$$

Question 14

What is the correct name for the compound $$PCl_5$$?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorus pentachloride

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the bond in $$Cl_2$$?

Accepted Answer

Nonpolar covalent

Question 16

A molecule has three electron groups and one lone pair on the central atom. What is its molecular shape according to VSEPR theory?

Accepted Answer

Bent

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct electron configuration for a $$Cl^-$$ ion?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$\ $$2s^2$$\ $$2p^6$$\ $$3s^2$$\ $$3p^6$$

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why $$CO_2 is a $$nonpolar molecule even though it contains polar bonds?

Accepted Answer

The molecule is linear, so the bond dipoles cancel each other out.

Question 19

Which of the following elements has the highest electronegativity?

Accepted Answer

Fluorine

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct formula for ammonium sulfate?

Accepted Answer

$$(NH_4$)_2SO_4$$

Essential Study Guide for GOB Chemistry: Atoms, Bonding, and Molecular Structure

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