Question 1

Which of the following phase changes is exothermic and results in a decrease in entropy?

Accepted Answer

Freezing of liquid water to ice

Question 2

Which of the following substances would you expect to have the highest boiling point, based on intermolecular forces?

Accepted Answer

Acetic acid (CH$$_3$$COOH)

Question 3

A sample of gas occupies 2.0 L at 1.0 atm. If the pressure is increased to 4.0 atm at constant temperature, what is the new volume?

Accepted Answer

$$0.50\ \mathrm{L}$$

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why water has a much higher boiling point than hydrogen sulfide (H$$_2S$$)?

Accepted Answer

Water forms hydrogen bonds, which are stronger than the dipole-dipole forces in H$$_2S.$$

Question 5

A 5.0 L sample of gas at 300 K and 2.0 atm is compressed to 2.5 L and heated to 600 K. What is the final pressure?

Accepted Answer

$$4.0\ \mathrm{atm}$$

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the kinetic-molecular theory of gases is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Gas particles experience strong attractive forces between each other.

Question 7

A room measures 4.0 m × 5.0 m × 2.5 m. How many moles of air does it contain at STP ($$22.4\ \mathrm{L/mol}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$2230\ \mathrm{mol}$$

Question 8

Which of the following best describes a metallic solid?

Accepted Answer

A solid with atoms in a sea of delocalized electrons, allowing conductivity and malleability.

Question 9

Calculate the amount of heat required to melt 20.0 g of naphthalene (heat of fusion = $$19.0\ \mathrm{J/g}).$$

Accepted Answer

$$380\ \mathrm{J}$$

Question 10

A steel cylinder contains 5.54 kg of methane (CH$$_4$$, molar mass = $$16.0\ \mathrm{g/mol}) in a$$ $$43.8\ \mathrm{L}$$ volume at $$20.0\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}. $$What is the pressure inside the cylinder? ($$R = 0.0821\ \mathrm{L\ atm\ $$mol^{-1}$$\ K$$^{-1}$$})$$

Accepted Answer

$$193\ \mathrm{atm}$$

Question 11

Which of the following is TRUE regarding vapor pressure?

Accepted Answer

Vapor pressure is the partial pressure of vapor molecules in equilibrium with a liquid.

Question 12

A mixture of gases contains 70% nitrogen, 20% oxygen, and 10% argon by volume at a total pressure of $$1.0\ \mathrm{atm}. $$What is the partial pressure of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

$$0.20\ \mathrm{atm}$$

Question 13

Which of the following statements about amorphous solids is correct?

Accepted Answer

They soften over a wide temperature range and break with curved surfaces.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the relationship between viscosity and intermolecular forces?

Accepted Answer

Viscosity increases as intermolecular forces increase.

Question 15

A balloon contains 2.0 L of helium at $$25\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}$$ and 1.0 atm. If the temperature is increased to $$50\ ^\circ\mathrm{C} at $$constant pressure, what is the new volume? (Assume ideal gas behavior.)

Accepted Answer

$$2.17\ \mathrm{L}$$

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a property of an ideal gas according to the kinetic-molecular theory?

Accepted Answer

Gas particles exert attractive forces on each other.

Question 17

Which of the following phase changes is favored by a positive enthalpy and a positive entropy change?

Accepted Answer

Melting of a solid

Question 18

A closed flask contains a gas at a pressure of 760 mmHg. If the mercury level in the manometer arm open to the flask is 20 mm higher than the arm open to the atmosphere, what is the pressure in the flask?

Accepted Answer

$$740\ \mathrm{mmHg}$$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the effect of increasing temperature on the vapor pressure of a liquid?

Accepted Answer

Vapor pressure increases because more molecules have enough energy to escape into the vapor phase.

Gases, Liquids, and Solids: Study Notes for GOB Chemistry

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