Question 1

Which of the following elements is most likely to form three covalent bonds and have one lone pair in a neutral molecule, according to the octet rule?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen

Question 2

How many total valence electrons are present in the carbonate ion, $$\mathrm{CO_3$^{2-}}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$24$$

Question 3

Which of the following molecules has a central atom with tetrahedral electron geometry but a bent molecular shape?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the bond angle in a molecule with trigonal planar geometry?

Accepted Answer

$$120^\circ$$

Question 5

A molecule of $$\mathrm{SO_4$^{2-}} ($$sulfate ion) is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A molecule where sulfur expands its octet

Question 6

Which of the following bonds is the most polar, based on electronegativity differences?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{O-H}$$

Question 7

Which of the following molecules is nonpolar due to its symmetry, despite having polar bonds?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$

Question 8

Which of the following compounds will have the highest melting point due to the strongest intermolecular forces?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{KBr}$$

Question 9

Which of the following molecules can form hydrogen bonds with water?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{NH_3$}$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the process of osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Movement of solvent through a semipermeable membrane

Question 11

A red blood cell is placed in seawater (osmolarity $$1.0) $$while normal plasma has an osmolarity of $$0.3. $$What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

The cell will shrivel because seawater is hypertonic.

Question 12

Which of the following is a strong electrolyte when dissolved in water?

Accepted Answer

Sodium chloride ($$\mathrm{NaCl})$$

Question 13

Which of the following molecules is expected to be insoluble in water?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CH_4$}$$

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why $$\mathrm{CH_4$} is $$nonpolar?

Accepted Answer

It has a tetrahedral geometry with identical atoms, so bond dipoles cancel.

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct Lewis structure for $$\mathrm{NH_4$^+}$$?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen with four bonds and no lone pairs

Question 16

Which of the following molecules has a linear geometry?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$

Question 17

Which of the following is true about hydrogen bonding?

Accepted Answer

It requires hydrogen bonded to N, O, or F.

Question 18

Assume solutions of the following binary compounds have the same concentration. Which has the greatest osmolarity?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$AlPO_4$$}$$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes a supersaturated solution?

Accepted Answer

Contains more than the maximum amount of solute that will dissolve

Question 20

Which of the following intermolecular forces is present in all molecules, regardless of polarity?

Accepted Answer

London dispersion forces

Lecture 2: Molecular Structure and Interactions with Water

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