Question 1

Which nuclear process is responsible for the release of heat and light in stars, including the Sun?

Accepted Answer

Nuclear Fusion

Question 2

Californium-254 is produced by bombarding berkelium-249 with a neutron. What is the balanced nuclear equation for this reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$^{249}_{97}\mathrm{Bk} $$+ ^{1}$$_{0}\mathrm{n} \$$rightarrow ^{254}$$_{98}\mathrm{Cf} $$+ ^{0}$$_{-1}\mathrm{e}$$

Question 3

Refer to the images provided. If a nucleus with 6 protons and 5 neutrons is bombarded with a proton and emits an alpha particle, which image best represents the new nucleus formed?

Accepted Answer

The nucleus with 5 protons and 4 neutrons (Image 4)

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct balanced nuclear reaction for the collision of two rhodium-115 atoms producing an alpha particle?

Accepted Answer

$$^{115}_{45}\mathrm{Rh} $$+ ^{115}$$_{45}\mathrm{Rh} \$$rightarrow ^{226}$$_{88}\mathrm{Ra} $$+ ^{4}$$_{2}\mathrm{He}$$

Question 5

When bismuth-211 ($$^{211}\mathrm{Bi}) $$undergoes alpha decay, what is the name and symbol of the daughter nucleus produced?

Accepted Answer

Thallium; $$^{207}\mathrm{Tl}$$

Question 6

A graph shows a nucleus changing from atomic number 28, neutron number 36 to atomic number 29, neutron number 35. What type of decay is this, and what are the original and product elements?

Accepted Answer

Decay process: $$\beta$$ emission; Original element: Nickel; Decay product: Copper

Question 7

A source of $$\beta$$ emission radiation releases 295 units of radiation at 5.65 m. At what distance will the intensity be reduced to one-fifth its original value? (Use the inverse square law: $$I_1$$/$$I_2$$ = ($$d_2$$/$$d_1)^2$)

Accepted Answer

12.6 m

Question 8

What are the gamma emission products of the metastable state of protactinium ($$^{234	ext{m}}\mathrm{Pa}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$^{234}_{90}\mathrm{Th}$$ and $$^{0}_{1}\gamma$$

Question 9

Which statement is NOT a valid concern regarding the use of strontium-85 ($$^{85}\mathrm{Sr}) in $$bone imaging for children?

Accepted Answer

The bone cells of children will not absorb $$^{85}\mathrm{Sr}$$ because bones contain calcium, not strontium.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion?

Accepted Answer

Fission splits a heavy nucleus into lighter nuclei, while fusion combines light nuclei to form a heavier nucleus.

Question 11

Which type of radiation is most likely to cause ionization damage deep within human tissue and why?

Accepted Answer

Gamma rays, because they are highly penetrating and can reach internal organs.

Question 12

A hospital uses a radioisotope with a half-life of 6 hours for imaging. If a patient is injected with 80 mg, how much remains after 18 hours? (Use $$N = N_0$ 	imes (1/2$$)^{t/t_{1/2}$$})$$

Accepted Answer

10 mg

Question 13

Which of the following is a real-world application of nuclear fission?

Accepted Answer

The operation of nuclear power plants

Question 14

Which of the following nuclear reactions represents beta decay?

Accepted Answer

$$^{14}_{6}\mathrm{C} \$$rightarrow ^{14}$$_{7}\mathrm{N} $$+ ^{0}$$_{-1}\mathrm{e}$$

Question 15

Which of the following statements about transuranium elements is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are produced by bombarding lighter elements with neutrons.

Step-by-Step Study Guide for Nuclear Chemistry (GOB Chemistry)

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