Question 1

Which of the following best describes a saturated solution?

Accepted Answer

A solution in which the solvent contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at equilibrium at a given temperature.

Question 2

A student dissolves 0.32 g of aspartic acid in 115.0 mL of water and obtains a clear solution. After two days, a white powder appears at the bottom. What most likely happened?

Accepted Answer

The solution was initially supersaturated and the excess aspartic acid precipitated as the solution reached equilibrium.

Question 3

Which of the following pairs of liquids are likely to be miscible?

Accepted Answer

H2O and CH3OH

Question 4

Which of the following substances is most likely to be soluble in hexane (C6H14)?

Accepted Answer

C3H8

Question 5

What is the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 18.0 g of Li2O (molar mass = 29.9 g/mol) in enough water to make 500. mL of solution?

Accepted Answer

$$1.20\ M$$

Question 6

A 0.89% w/v NaCl solution is referred to as physiological saline. What is the osmolarity (osmol) of this solution? (Molar mass NaCl = 58.5 g/mol)

Accepted Answer

$$0.30\ osmol$$

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why NaCl is soluble in water but not in hexane?

Accepted Answer

NaCl is ionic and water is polar, allowing ion-dipole interactions to stabilize the ions in solution.

Question 8

If you dissolve 6.0 g of NaCl in enough water to make 300. mL of solution, what is the percent (w/v) of NaCl?

Accepted Answer

$$2.0\%$$

Question 9

Which of the following statements about colloids is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Colloids have solute particles with diameters between 1 nm and 1000 nm.

Question 10

A solution is prepared by dissolving 1.00 mole of K2SO4 in 1000. g of water. What is the freezing point of the solution? ($$K_f = 1.86\ ^\circ C/mol$$ particles)

Accepted Answer

$$-5.58\ ^\circ C$$

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the Tyndall effect?

Accepted Answer

The scattering of light by colloidal-sized particles.

Question 12

Which of the following solutions would cause a light bulb to shine the brightest if used to complete a circuit?

Accepted Answer

1.09 M FeCl3

Question 13

What is the boiling point of a solution prepared by dissolving 275 g of ethylene glycol ($$C_2H_6O_2) in 1000. g of $$water? ($$K_b = 0.512\ ^\circ C/mol$$ particles, molar mass $$C_2H_6O_2 = 62.1\ g/mol)$$

Accepted Answer

$$102.3\ ^\circ C$$

Question 14

Which of the following best describes osmosis?

Accepted Answer

The movement of solvent particles from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration through a semipermeable membrane.

Question 15

A red blood cell is placed in distilled water. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will swell and burst due to water entering the cell (hemolysis).

Question 16

Which of the following is a colligative property?

Accepted Answer

Boiling-point elevation

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why the solubility of oxygen in water decreases as temperature increases?

Accepted Answer

The kinetic energy of oxygen molecules increases, making them less likely to remain dissolved.

Question 18

What is the percent (w/v) of a solution made by dissolving 10 g of table sugar in enough water to make 100 mL of solution?

Accepted Answer

$$10\%$$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes a supersaturated solution?

Accepted Answer

A solution that contains more than the equilibrium amount of solute that can be dissolved at a given temperature.

Solutions and Colloids: Structure, Properties, and Calculations

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