Question 1

Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of albuterol in the management of acute asthma attacks?

Accepted Answer

It stimulates beta2-adrenergic receptors, increasing cyclic AMP and causing bronchodilation.

Question 2

A 35-year-old patient with a history of asthma presents with increased wheezing and shortness of breath. He has used his albuterol inhaler multiple times with minimal relief. According to current guidelines, which medication should be administered next?

Accepted Answer

A systemic corticosteroid

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of bronchoconstrictive disorders such as asthma and chronic bronchitis?

Accepted Answer

Decreased airway inflammation

Question 4

A patient is prescribed montelukast for asthma management. Which statement best explains the role of this medication?

Accepted Answer

It is a long-term controller that prevents asthma attacks triggered by allergens and exercise.

Question 5

Which adverse effect is most commonly associated with inhaled albuterol therapy?

Accepted Answer

Muscle tremor

Question 6

A patient with COPD is prescribed ipratropium. What is the primary mechanism by which this drug improves airway function?

Accepted Answer

It blocks the action of acetylcholine, reducing bronchoconstriction.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why inhaled administration of beta2-adrenergic agonists is preferred over oral administration?

Accepted Answer

Inhaled administration is associated with fewer systemic side effects.

Question 8

A patient with asthma is prescribed beclomethasone. Which of the following is a primary therapeutic effect of this medication?

Accepted Answer

Reduced airway mucosa edema

Question 9

Which of the following statements about asthma is correct?

Accepted Answer

Asthma is characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation.

Question 10

A patient with mild, persistent asthma is prescribed cromolyn. What is the most appropriate use of this medication?

Accepted Answer

For prophylaxis to prevent acute asthma attacks

Question 11

Which of the following is a major adverse effect of beta2-adrenergic agonists that should be monitored in patients with cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac stimulation, including tachycardia and palpitations

Question 12

A patient with asthma is being educated on peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) monitoring. Why is this monitoring important?

Accepted Answer

It allows early detection of decreased airway function, prompting timely intervention.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the pathophysiology of asthma?

Accepted Answer

Airway narrowing due to bronchoconstriction, inflammation, mucosal edema, and excessive mucus production

Question 14

A patient with asthma is exposed to cold air and develops bronchospasm. Which class of medication would be most effective in preventing this response if taken regularly?

Accepted Answer

Leukotriene modifiers

Question 15

Which of the following is a recommended nursing strategy to help prevent bronchoconstriction in patients with asthma?

Accepted Answer

Assist patients in identifying and avoiding exposure to known triggers.

Question 16

A patient with chronic bronchitis is experiencing increased cough and mucous production. Which of the following best explains the underlying pathophysiology?

Accepted Answer

Airway inflammation, mucosal edema, and excessive mucous production

Question 17

Which of the following is a benefit of using combination regimens in asthma therapy?

Accepted Answer

They allow for smaller doses of each agent, reducing adverse effects.

Question 18

A patient with asthma is prescribed omalizumab. What is the primary mechanism of action of this medication?

Accepted Answer

It specifically binds to target cells or proteins to modulate the immune response.

Question 19

Which of the following is a key nursing intervention for patients with asthma who smoke cigarettes?

Accepted Answer

Provide information and resources to support smoking cessation.

Question 20

A patient with moderate asthma is being taught to develop an action plan for acute attacks. Which of the following should be included in the plan?

Accepted Answer

Identify early signs of difficulty and know when to seek emergency care.

Chapter 33: Drug Therapy for Asthma, Airway Inflammation, and Bronchoconstriction

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