Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

MHC molecules are glycoproteins that hold and present antigenic epitopes to immune cells.

Question 2

A patient receives antibodies from a donor after exposure to a toxin. Which type of acquired immunity is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

Artificially acquired passive immunity

Question 3

Which of the following statements about B cell receptors (BCRs) is correct?

Accepted Answer

Each B cell expresses a single type of BCR, which recognizes only one epitope.

Question 4

Which class of antibody is most abundant in body secretions such as saliva and breast milk?

Accepted Answer

IgA

Question 5

A cytotoxic T cell recognizes a virally infected cell. Which molecules are involved in this recognition?

Accepted Answer

TCR and MHC class I

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of antibodies in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

Activating complement, neutralizing toxins, and facilitating opsonization

Question 7

During clonal deletion of T cells, what happens to cells that recognize autoantigens?

Accepted Answer

They undergo apoptosis.

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why the secondary immune response is faster and more effective than the primary response?

Accepted Answer

Memory cells generated during the primary response quickly recognize and respond to the antigen.

Question 9

Which cytokine is primarily responsible for signaling among leukocytes?

Accepted Answer

Interleukins (ILs)

Question 10

A patient with a genetic defect in the RAG enzyme would most likely have which of the following problems?

Accepted Answer

Reduced diversity in B cell and T cell receptors

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a property of adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

Immediate response to all pathogens

Question 12

Which pathway involves cytotoxic T cells releasing perforin and granzymes to induce apoptosis in target cells?

Accepted Answer

Perforin-granzyme pathway

Question 13

Which of the following best describes an endogenous antigen?

Accepted Answer

A viral protein produced inside an infected host cell

Question 14

Which of the following statements about memory B cells is correct?

Accepted Answer

They persist in lymphoid tissue and initiate rapid antibody production upon re-exposure to antigen.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct match between antibody class and its function?

Accepted Answer

IgE – involved in response to parasitic infections and allergies

Question 16

A helper T cell is activated after recognizing an antigen. What is the next step in the T-dependent antibody immune response?

Accepted Answer

Differentiation of helper T cells into Th2 cells

Question 17

Which of the following best explains the concept of 'unresponsiveness to self' in adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

Lymphocytes that react to self-antigens are eliminated or inactivated.

Question 18

Which of the following is a primary lymphoid organ?

Accepted Answer

Thymus

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of opsonization?

Accepted Answer

Antibodies coat pathogens to enhance phagocytosis by immune cells.

Question 20

Which of the following is true regarding the diversity of B cell receptors (BCRs)?

Accepted Answer

BCR diversity is generated by random combination of V, D, and J gene segments by the RAG enzyme.

Adaptive Immunity: Structure, Function, and Mechanisms

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제