Question 1

Which process best describes the simultaneous transport and phosphorylation of glucose as it enters a bacterial cell?

Accepted Answer

Group translocation

Question 2

A scientist observes that a molecule moves across a cell membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration without the use of cellular energy. Which transport mechanism is being described?

Accepted Answer

Passive transport

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a recognized type of membrane transport protein?

Accepted Answer

Multiplexors

Question 4

A bacterial cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What is the most likely outcome for the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will undergo lysis due to water influx.

Question 5

A botanist wants to maximize turgor pressure in plant cells. Which environment should the botanist choose for the plants?

Accepted Answer

A hypotonic environment

Question 6

Which process allows nerve cells to maintain different concentrations of sodium and potassium ions across their membranes, even when extracellular conditions change?

Accepted Answer

Ion pumping (active transport)

Question 7

The sodium-glucose co-transporter in intestinal cells relies on which energy source to function?

Accepted Answer

Sodium ion gradients established by primary pumps

Question 8

In Gram-negative bacteria, ABC transporters are primarily found in which cellular structure?

Accepted Answer

Cytoplasmic membrane

Question 9

Which of the following molecules can cross the plasma membrane without the help of transport proteins?

Accepted Answer

Cortisol

Question 10

Which organelle is responsible for packaging and forming exocytic vesicles in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 11

Which type of molecule typically requires endocytosis or exocytosis for transport across the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Large biomolecules

Question 12

What is the primary function of aquaporins in cellular membranes?

Accepted Answer

Facilitating rapid water transport across membranes

Question 13

How do transport proteins facilitate the movement of charged molecules across the cell membrane during facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

They provide a passageway for diffusion without energy input.

Question 14

A researcher adds a solution with a higher solute concentration outside a bacterial cell. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

Water will leave the cell, causing plasmolysis.

Question 15

Which equation best represents the calculation of osmotic pressure ($$\Pi) $$across a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$\Pi = iMRT$$

Question 16

A patient is given intravenous fluids that are isotonic to their blood plasma. What effect does this have on their red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

No net movement of water; cells retain their normal shape.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the energy requirement for active transport?

Accepted Answer

It requires energy, often from ATP hydrolysis.

Question 18

A cell uses a symporter to move two substances in the same direction across the membrane. Which of the following is an example of this?

Accepted Answer

Sodium-glucose co-transport

Question 19

Which of the following statements about facilitated diffusion is correct?

Accepted Answer

It requires specific transport proteins but no energy input.

Question 20

A cell engulfs a large particle by wrapping its membrane around it and forming a vesicle. What is this process called?

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis

Cell Membrane & Transport: Microbiology Study Guide

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