$$[H^+] = 1 \times 10$$^{-4}$$ M

Question 1

Which of the following best describes an ion?

Accepted Answer

An atom that has gained or lost electrons, resulting in a net charge

Question 2

Which of the following is a correct example of a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

The bond between two hydrogen atoms in $$H_2$$

Question 3

What is the main function of a buffer in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

To maintain a stable pH by absorbing excess H$$^+ or OH$^-$$

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why water is considered a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, creating partial charges

Question 5

Which of the following is a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

Joining two amino acids to form a dipeptide and releasing water

Question 6

Which of the following statements about enzymes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction

Question 7

A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ M

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of carbohydrates in cells?

Accepted Answer

Catalyzing chemical reactions

Question 9

Which of the following bonds is responsible for the primary structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bonds

Question 10

Which of the following molecules is considered the energy currency of the cell?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA is double-stranded, RNA is single-stranded

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct description of a phospholipid?

Accepted Answer

A molecule with two fatty acids, a glycerol, and a phosphate group

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are specific to their substrates?

Accepted Answer

The active site of an enzyme has a unique shape that fits only specific substrates

Question 14

Which of the following is a real-life example of hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

Digestion of starch into glucose molecules in the human intestine

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the tertiary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The overall three-dimensional shape of a single polypeptide chain

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Storing and transmitting genetic information

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a peptide bond?

Accepted Answer

A covalent bond between the amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another

Question 18

Which of the following is a property of water that makes it essential for life?

Accepted Answer

It has a high heat capacity, allowing it to buffer temperature changes

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the quaternary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The association of multiple polypeptide chains into a functional protein

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about macromolecules?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates are polymers made of monosaccharides

Chapter 2: Biochemistry Basics – Structured Study Notes

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