Question 1

Which property of water is primarily responsible for its ability to regulate temperature in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Its ability to form hydrogen bonds

Question 2

A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$this solution? (Use $$[H^+] = 10$$^{-pH}$$)

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 10$$^{-4}$$ M

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that forms polymers from monomers by removing water

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in cells?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 5

Which molecule is the principal energy-carrying molecule in the cell?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Question 6

A patient is suffering from acidosis. Which of the following best describes the condition of their blood?

Accepted Answer

The blood has a pH below 7.35

Question 7

Which of the following statements about phospholipids is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They have a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails

Question 8

Which of the following is a polysaccharide used for energy storage in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why salts dissociate in water?

Accepted Answer

Water forms hydrogen bonds with ions, separating them

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a nucleic acid and its sugar component?

Accepted Answer

DNA – deoxyribose

Question 11

A scientist adds a strong acid to a buffered solution. What will most likely happen to the pH?

Accepted Answer

The pH will remain relatively stable

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in cells?

Accepted Answer

Providing energy for cellular activities

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

Double-stranded with thymine

Question 14

Which of the following reactions is used to break down a disaccharide into two monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct description of an amino acid?

Accepted Answer

Contains an amino group ($$-NH_2$) and a carboxyl group (-$$COOH$$)

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why phospholipids form bilayers in water?

Accepted Answer

Their hydrophilic heads interact with water and hydrophobic tails avoid water

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-life example of hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

Digestion of starch into glucose molecules in the human intestine

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct equation for the hydrolysis of ATP?

Accepted Answer

$$ATP + H_2O \rightarrow ADP + P + Energy$$

Question 19

Which of the following is a true statement about organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

They always contain carbon and hydrogen

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

They are proteins that speed up chemical reactions

Chapter 2: Chemical Principles – Important Biological Molecules

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