Question 1

Which of the following best explains why eukaryotic cell division is more complex than prokaryotic binary fission?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotes have multiple chromosomes that must be accurately distributed during nuclear division.

Question 2

During meiosis, which event is responsible for generating genetic variation among gametes?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over between homologous chromosomes during prophase I

Question 3

A diploid cell ($$2n) $$undergoes meiosis. How many nuclei are produced, and what is their ploidy?

Accepted Answer

Four nuclei, each haploid ($$n)$$

Question 4

Which of the following correctly matches a protozoan life stage with its function?

Accepted Answer

Trophozoite: active feeding and growth

Question 5

Which process is unique to some protozoa, such as Plasmodium, and results in the production of many daughter cells from a single parent cell?

Accepted Answer

Schizogony

Question 6

Which of the following statements about fungal nutrition is correct?

Accepted Answer

Fungi secrete enzymes to digest food externally and then absorb the resulting small molecules.

Question 7

A fungal cell contains two distinct haploid nuclei per cell (written $$n + n). $$What is this stage called, and how does it differ from a diploid ($$2n) $$nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Dikaryotic stage; the nuclei remain separate rather than fusing into one diploid nucleus

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the alternation of generations in algae?

Accepted Answer

Alternating multicellular haploid and diploid bodies, with meiosis producing spores and fertilization restoring diploidy

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct match between a fungal spore type and its method of formation?

Accepted Answer

Sporangiospore: formed inside a sac called a sporangium

Question 10

A patient presents with a fungal infection after a course of antibiotics. Which property of fungi most likely contributed to their ability to cause disease in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

Fungi can tolerate acidic, sugary, or salty environments that inhibit many bacteria.

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct distinction between mechanical and biological vectors?

Accepted Answer

A biological vector serves as a host in which the pathogen develops or multiplies, while a mechanical vector only physically transports the pathogen.

Question 12

Which of the following correctly matches an arthropod vector with the disease it transmits?

Accepted Answer

Kissing bug: Chagas disease

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the structure of fungi is correct?

Accepted Answer

A mycelium is a mass of hyphae, which are branching tubular filaments.

Question 14

Which of the following is a true statement about protozoan cysts?

Accepted Answer

Cysts are protected resting stages that help protozoa survive harsh conditions.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of mycorrhizae in plant-fungal partnerships?

Accepted Answer

Mycorrhizae help plant roots absorb water and minerals from the soil.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct comparison between adult insects and adult arachnids?

Accepted Answer

Insects have six legs and may have wings; arachnids have eight legs and no wings.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about the alternation of generations in algae?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis in the diploid sporophyte produces haploid spores, which grow into haploid gametophytes.

Question 18

A laboratory technician observes a sample containing unicellular eukaryotes without cell walls, some of which are motile by cilia. Which group does this sample most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Protozoa

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the role of fungal spores?

Accepted Answer

Fungal spores function in reproduction and dispersal, increasing the number of fungi.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct match between an arthropod vector and its classification?

Accepted Answer

Tick: arachnid

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes: Study Guide and Summary Notes

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