Question 1

A woman uses a home pregnancy test that detects hCG hormone in urine. This test is an example of which type of antibody assay?

Accepted Answer

an immunochromatographic assay

Question 2

Which of the following statements regarding ELISAs is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They can be used to detect antibody or antigen.

Question 3

Which of the following vaccines can produce contact immunity within a population?

Accepted Answer

attenuated

Question 4

A laboratory-grown microbe is treated with a lethal dose of ionizing radiation and then tested for its potential as a vaccine. What type of vaccine is this?

Accepted Answer

inactivated

Question 5

Which of the following statements regarding an inactivated vaccine is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

It is made from mutated forms of the pathogen.

Question 6

Clonal deletion of developing T lymphocytes takes place in which location(s) in the body?

Accepted Answer

the thymus

Question 7

The most prevalent antibody class in the blood is

Accepted Answer

IgG

Question 8

Which of the following is an exogenous antigen?

Accepted Answer

a bacterium outside a cell

Question 9

Class I MHC molecules are essential for

Accepted Answer

presentation of endogenous antigens.

Question 10

A child has anti-influenza and anti-RSV antibodies that are primarily IgM, and anti-RSV antibodies are also IgG. What is the most appropriate interpretation?

Accepted Answer

The child has a current RSV infection and was previously exposed to influenza.

Question 11

How is the development of autoimmunity normally prevented?

Accepted Answer

Clonal deletion of T cells and regulatory T cell suppression prevent autoreactive T cell activation.

Question 12

Which of the following is the result when a CTL interacts with a virally infected cell?

Accepted Answer

The cell undergoes apoptosis.

Question 13

Which of the following statements concerning B cell receptors (BCRs) is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

They are formed in response to an encounter with an antigen.

Question 14

The antibody-binding site of an antibody is made up of

Accepted Answer

the variable regions of both light and heavy chains.

Question 15

Vaccination triggers an immune response which produces _______ immunity.

Accepted Answer

artificial active

Question 16

Which of the following statements regarding phagocyte recognition of pathogens is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

TLRs in the phagocyte cytoplasmic membrane bind surface structures of microbes.

Question 17

The alternative pathway of complement cascade activation begins with _______ binding to the surface of a microbe.

Accepted Answer

$$C3b$$

Question 18

Which of the following substances contributes to the edema associated with inflammation?

Accepted Answer

both leukotrienes and histamine

Question 19

A person produces a mutated C3 protein resulting in C5a failing to stick, but enzymatic function is not affected. Complement activation in this individual would result in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis would be facilitated but chemotaxis by phagocytes would be reduced.

Question 20

Protection from infection known as species resistance is a result of

Accepted Answer

both the absence of necessary receptors and lack of suitable environment in the body.

Question 21

What antibacterial chemical is present in tear fluid?

Accepted Answer

lysozyme

Immunology and Host Defenses: Microbiology Study Guide

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