Question 1

Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus that uses reverse transcriptase to make DNA from RNA?

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis B

Question 2

A patient presents with jaundice and a history of intravenous drug use. Laboratory tests confirm a blood-borne viral infection. Which virus is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)

Question 3

Which of the following diseases is NOT preventable by a currently available vaccine?

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis C

Question 4

A child develops a vesicular rash that starts on the trunk and spreads to the face and extremities. Which virus is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)

Question 5

Which of the following statements about influenza viruses is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Antigenic shift in influenza is due to reassortment of RNA segments.

Question 6

A patient is bitten by a bat and later develops neurological symptoms including hydrophobia. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Rabies

Question 7

Which of the following viruses is most commonly associated with the development of cervical cancer?

Accepted Answer

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

Question 8

A 5-year-old child develops a maculopapular rash starting on the face and spreading to the trunk, along with Koplik spots in the mouth. Which virus is responsible?

Accepted Answer

Measles virus

Question 9

Which of the following is a unique feature of the poliovirus compared to other viruses listed?

Accepted Answer

It can cause permanent paralysis.

Question 10

Which of the following viruses is most likely to cause severe disease associated with neurologic disorders, especially in older adults?

Accepted Answer

West Nile Virus

Question 11

A sexually active adult presents with genital warts. Which virus is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

Question 12

Which of the following viruses is transmitted primarily by the fecal-oral route and is associated with outbreaks from contaminated food and water?

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis A Virus

Question 13

Which of the following viruses is NOT enveloped?

Accepted Answer

Poliovirus

Question 14

A patient develops shingles years after recovering from chickenpox. Which property of the virus explains this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

The virus establishes latency in nerve cells.

Question 15

Which of the following viruses is associated with the development of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in immunocompromised patients?

Accepted Answer

Rubella virus

Question 16

Which of the following is a zoonotic virus that can be transmitted from animals to humans and is associated with a high mortality rate if untreated?

Accepted Answer

Rabies virus

Question 17

A patient presents with fever, parotid gland swelling, and orchitis. Which virus is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Mumps virus

Question 18

Which of the following viruses is most likely to cause severe birth defects if a pregnant woman is infected during the first trimester?

Accepted Answer

Rubella virus

Question 19

Which of the following viruses is associated with the development of AIDS?

Accepted Answer

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Question 20

A patient develops jaundice, dark urine, and is found to have a self-limited viral infection with no chronic sequelae. Which virus is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis A Virus

Major Viral Diseases: Agents, Transmission, Symptoms, and Control

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