Question 1

Which of the following best describes catabolism in microbial metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules, releasing energy

Question 2

What is the primary role of enzymes in chemical reactions within cells?

Accepted Answer

They lower the energy of activation $$E_a$$ and increase the rate of reaction

Question 3

During aerobic respiration, what is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

O$$_2$$

Question 4

Which process directly uses the energy from the diffusion of H$$^+$$ ions to synthesize ATP?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 5

A competitive inhibitor affects enzyme activity by:

Accepted Answer

Binding to the active site and preventing substrate binding

Question 6

Which of the following cell types uses inorganic compounds as its energy source and CO$$_2 as $$its carbon source?

Accepted Answer

Chemoautotroph

Question 7

In glycolysis, what is the net ATP yield per glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

2 ATP

Question 8

Which statement about substrate-level phosphorylation (SLP) is correct?

Accepted Answer

It involves the direct transfer of a phosphate group from an organic molecule to ADP to form ATP

Question 9

During fermentation, why is the net ATP yield per glucose molecule lower than in aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation does not use the electron transport chain for ATP production

Question 10

Which of the following is a product of the Krebs cycle?

Accepted Answer

NADH

Question 11

A non-competitive inhibitor affects enzyme activity by:

Accepted Answer

Binding to a site other than the active site, changing the enzyme's shape

Question 12

Which pathway yields the highest net ATP per glucose molecule in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic respiration

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are more efficient than non-biological catalysts?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes can operate at much lower temperatures and stress on substrates

Question 14

In the electron transport chain, what is the main function of the high-energy electrons delivered by NADH and FADH$$_2$$?

Accepted Answer

To power the movement of H$$^+$$ ions across the membrane

Question 15

Which process is unique to photoautotrophs for ATP generation?

Accepted Answer

Photophosphorylation

Question 16

Which of the following is true about the energy released during a reaction catalyzed by an enzyme?

Accepted Answer

The overall energy released is unchanged by the enzyme

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a product of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

CO$$_2$$

Question 18

Which step in aerobic respiration is responsible for the majority of ATP production?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain

Question 19

Which of the following statements about chemoautotrophs is correct?

Accepted Answer

They use inorganic compounds as their energy source and CO$$_2 as $$their carbon source

Question 20

A scientist observes a cell that produces ATP using the energy from H$$_2S $$and fixes CO$$_2 as $$its carbon source. What type of cell is this?

Accepted Answer

Chemoautotroph

Microbial Metabolism and Biochemical Pathways ~ Chp 5 - 2

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