Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the role of ATP in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

ATP provides energy for endergonic reactions by coupling its hydrolysis to these processes.

Question 2

During aerobic respiration, which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$O_2)$$

Question 3

Which metabolic process is responsible for the synthesis of new cellular components such as proteins and nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Anabolism

Question 4

A bacterium is synthesizing peptidoglycan for its cell wall. Which type of metabolism is primarily involved?

Accepted Answer

Anabolism

Question 5

Which of the following equations correctly relates the standard free energy change ($$\Delta G$$^{\circ'}$$) to the equilibrium constant (K$$_{eq}$$) at standard conditions?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta G$$^{\circ'}$$ = [-2.303 RT] \cdot [\log K_{eq}]$$

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why ATP is considered a 'high-energy' molecule?

Accepted Answer

Its phosphate groups are highly charged and their bonds are easily broken, releasing energy.

Question 7

In a redox reaction, which statement is true regarding electron donors and acceptors?

Accepted Answer

The electron donor is oxidized and the electron acceptor is reduced.

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct example of substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

ATP synthesis during glycolysis.

Question 9

A chemolithotroph obtains energy from which of the following sources?

Accepted Answer

Inorganic chemicals

Question 10

Which of the following statements about NAD$$^+$$ and NADH is correct?

Accepted Answer

NADH is the reduced form and NAD$$^+ is $$the oxidized form.

Question 11

Which of the following reactions is exergonic under standard conditions?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta G$$^{\circ'}$$ \u003c 0$$

Question 12

Which metabolic pathway is primarily responsible for the breakdown of glucose to pyruvate?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of electron carriers such as NAD$$^+ in $$metabolism?

Accepted Answer

They transfer electrons between metabolic reactions and are recycled.

Question 14

A microorganism uses $$NO_3$$^-$$ as its terminal electron acceptor during respiration. What type of respiration is this?

Accepted Answer

Anaerobic respiration

Question 15

Which of the following is true regarding the relationship between $$E_0$$'$$ (standard reduction potential) and electron donors/acceptors?

Accepted Answer

A more negative $$E_0$$'$$ indicates a better electron donor.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a major elemental requirement for cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Helium

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about metabolic pathways in cells?

Accepted Answer

Each step of a pathway is catalyzed by a specific enzyme or ribozyme.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct example of metabolic coupling in cells?

Accepted Answer

The exergonic hydrolysis of ATP is used to drive endergonic biosynthetic reactions.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes chemotrophs?

Accepted Answer

Organisms that obtain energy from chemical reactions.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the laws of thermodynamics as they apply to metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Cells conserve energy from their environment, often as ATP.

Microbial Metabolism and Energy Conservation: Study Notes for BIOL 2500

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