Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between catabolism and anabolism in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Catabolism provides the energy required for anabolism by generating ATP.

Question 2

Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall reaction for aerobic respiration in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\ \mathrm{O_2$} + 38\ \mathrm{ADP} + 38\ \mathrm{P_i} \rightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\ \mathrm{H_2O} + 38\ \mathrm{ATP}$$

Question 3

Which of the following statements about enzymes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction.

Question 4

A competitive inhibitor of an enzyme acts by:

Accepted Answer

Binding to the active site and preventing substrate binding.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a product of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Two acetyl-CoA molecules

Question 6

Which coenzyme is primarily involved in the transfer of electrons during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

NAD+

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why enzyme activity decreases sharply above 40°C in most human enzymes?

Accepted Answer

The enzyme is denatured and loses its functional shape.

Question 8

In feedback inhibition, the end product of a metabolic pathway:

Accepted Answer

Binds to the allosteric site of the first enzyme, shutting down the pathway.

Question 9

Which of the following is true about substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

ATP is generated by the direct transfer of a phosphate group from a substrate to ADP.

Question 10

During the Krebs cycle, which of the following is produced for each acetyl-CoA molecule entering the cycle?

Accepted Answer

1 ATP, 3 NADH, 1 FADH2

Question 11

Which of the following best describes oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

ATP is produced using energy derived from the transfer of electrons through an electron transport chain to a final electron acceptor.

Question 12

Which of the following is the final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$\mathrm{O_2$})$$

Question 13

Which of the following statements about fermentation is correct?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation uses an organic molecule as the final electron acceptor.

Question 14

Which of the following is a product of lactic acid fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acid

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of NAD+ in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

It acts as an electron carrier, accepting electrons during redox reactions.

Question 16

Which of the following is true regarding the specificity of enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Enzyme specificity is determined by the shape of the active site.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about the effect of substrate concentration on enzyme activity?

Accepted Answer

Enzyme activity increases with substrate concentration until all active sites are saturated.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct description of a holoenzyme?

Accepted Answer

A holoenzyme is an enzyme with its cofactor, forming an active complex.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct example of a redox reaction in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{NAD^+} is $$reduced to $$\mathrm{NADH} as an $$organic molecule is oxidized.

Question 20

Which of the following is a possible fate of pyruvic acid in a bacterial cell under anaerobic conditions?

Accepted Answer

Conversion to lactic acid via fermentation.

Microbial Metabolism: Catabolism, Anabolism, and Energy Pathways

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