Question 1

Which of the following best describes an opportunistic pathogen?

Accepted Answer

A microbe that only causes disease when the host's immune defenses are compromised.

Question 2

A patient develops an infection after surgery while staying in the hospital. This infection is best classified as:

Accepted Answer

A nosocomial infection

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a eukaryotic kingdom?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria

Question 4

Which statement correctly distinguishes prokaryotes from eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotes have a nucleus; prokaryotes do not.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a biofilm?

Accepted Answer

A complex community of microorganisms attached to a surface and embedded in a self-produced matrix.

Question 6

Biofilms benefit microbes in which TWO ways? (Select the best answer)

Accepted Answer

By providing increased access to nutrients and protection from environmental stress.

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct example of how to type an organism’s scientific name?

Accepted Answer

$$Escherichia coli$$

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why viruses are considered non-living?

Accepted Answer

They cannot reproduce independently outside of a host cell.

Question 9

Which scientist is credited with the discovery of cells using a compound light microscope?

Accepted Answer

Robert Hooke

Question 10

A researcher wants to observe the detailed structure of a virus particle. Which microscope should they use and why?

Accepted Answer

An electron microscope, because it has a much higher resolving power than a light microscope.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT one of Koch’s postulates?

Accepted Answer

The microorganism must be able to survive without a host for at least 24 hours.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the Germ Theory of Disease?

Accepted Answer

Diseases are caused by specific microorganisms invading the body.

Question 13

Which scientist is credited with the discovery of pasteurization?

Accepted Answer

Louis Pasteur

Question 14

A new strain of bacteria is discovered that is resistant to antibiotics. Which process most likely led to the emergence of this new strain?

Accepted Answer

Mutation and selection for antibiotic resistance.

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of mutualism?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria in the human gut producing vitamins for the host while receiving nutrients.

Question 16

When is the human microbiome primarily formed?

Accepted Answer

At birth and during the first few years of life.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes 'normal flora'?

Accepted Answer

Microorganisms that are normally found in and on the human body without causing disease.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct way to handwrite an organism’s scientific name?

Accepted Answer

Underline both the genus and species: $$\underline{Escherichia~coli}$$

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of commensalism?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria living on the skin that benefit from the environment but do not affect the host.

Question 20

A patient is infected with a microbe that is part of their normal flora but causes disease after antibiotic treatment. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

An opportunistic infection

Microbiology Chapter 1 Study Guide – Step-by-Step Guidance

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제