Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

NAD+ acts as an oxidizing agent, accepting electrons and becoming reduced to NADH.

Question 2

In eukaryotic cells, where does oxidative phosphorylation primarily occur?

Accepted Answer

At the inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 3

Which enzyme class is responsible for breaking down proteins into amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Proteases

Question 4

A metabolic pathway that can function in both the breakdown and synthesis of molecules is called:

Accepted Answer

Amphibolic

Question 5

During the conversion of pyruvic acid (C3) to acetyl CoA (C2) in eukaryotic cells, which cellular compartment is involved?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrial matrix

Question 6

Which of the following equations correctly represents substrate-level phosphorylation during glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P_{i}} \rightarrow \mathrm{ATP}$$

Question 7

Which of the following is a major product of the Krebs cycle, aside from ATP?

Accepted Answer

NADH

Question 8

The removal of a carboxyl group as CO$$_2$$ from an organic molecule is called:

Accepted Answer

Decarboxylation

Question 9

Which of the following statements about glycolysis is correct?

Accepted Answer

It occurs in the cytoplasm of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Question 10

What is the approximate net ATP yield from the complete aerobic oxidation of one molecule of glucose in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

$$36 to$$ $$38$$ ATP

Question 11

Which of the following best describes chemiosmosis?

Accepted Answer

The movement of protons down their gradient through ATP synthase to generate ATP

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE regarding fermentation?

Accepted Answer

It regenerates NAD$$^+$$ for glycolysis in the absence of oxygen.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a correct pairing of pathway and location in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Krebs cycle – mitochondrial matrix

Question 14

Which of the following statements about energy transfer in cells is correct?

Accepted Answer

Energy is transferred in small steps to prevent excessive heat and enzyme denaturation.

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct definition of oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

The production of ATP using energy from the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis.

Question 16

Which of the following is an alternative pathway to glycolysis for glucose catabolism?

Accepted Answer

Pentose phosphate pathway

Question 17

Which of the following statements about aerobic and anaerobic respiration is correct?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic respiration uses oxygen as the final electron acceptor, while anaerobic respiration uses other molecules such as nitrate or sulfate.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

The direct enzymatic transfer of a phosphate group from a substrate to ADP to form ATP

Question 19

Which of the following statements about glycolysis is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis produces acetyl CoA directly from glucose.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes photophosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

The process of generating ATP using light energy to drive electron transport and chemiosmosis

Microbiology Metabolism and Energy Production Study Guide

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