Question 1

Which of the following best describes an opportunistic pathogen?

Accepted Answer

A microbe that only causes disease in a weakened host

Question 2

A patient develops an infection after receiving care in a hospital. This is best described as:

Accepted Answer

A nosocomial infection

Question 3

Which of the following statements about prokaryotes is correct?

Accepted Answer

They lack a membrane-bound nucleus

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT one of Koch’s Postulates?

Accepted Answer

The organism must be present in healthy individuals

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a cation?

Accepted Answer

An atom that has lost electrons and has a positive charge

Question 6

What is the main component of the bacterial cell wall in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Peptidoglycan

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why viruses are considered non-living?

Accepted Answer

They lack cells

Question 8

A solution has a $$[H^+]$$ concentration of $$1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ M. What is its pH?

Accepted Answer

$$4$$

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of the bacterial capsule?

Accepted Answer

Protects against phagocytosis

Question 10

Which of the following best describes osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Passive movement of water from low to high solute concentration across a selectively permeable membrane

Question 11

A bacterial cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will happen?

Accepted Answer

The cell will shrink

Question 12

Which of the following is a property of a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

It has opposite electrical charges on opposite sides

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct scientific name, according to binomial nomenclature?

Accepted Answer

Escherichia coli

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a biofilm?

Accepted Answer

A sticky community of one or more microbial species

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Lipid synthesis and detoxification

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct description of a monomer?

Accepted Answer

A single unit of a polymer

Question 17

Which of the following is the most common monomer of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Sugar

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

ATP production through cellular respiration

Question 19

Which of the following is a benefit of a bacterium being acid-fast?

Accepted Answer

Exceptional resistance to drying and disinfectants

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between a capsule and a slime layer in bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Capsule is thick, well-organized, and firmly attached; slime layer is loose and easily removed

Microbiology Study Guide: Introduction, Biochemistry, and Prokaryotic Cells

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