Question 1

Which of the following best describes the structure of the prokaryotic cytoplasmic membrane?

Accepted Answer

A phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins

Question 2

A bacterial cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What is the most likely outcome if the cell wall is damaged?

Accepted Answer

The cell will undergo osmotic lysis as water enters

Question 3

Which of the following is TRUE about active transport across the cytoplasmic membrane?

Accepted Answer

It requires specific transporters and energy expenditure

Question 4

Which equation best represents the movement of water during osmosis in a bacterial cell?

Accepted Answer

$$J_{water} = L_p (\Delta P - \Delta \pi)$$

Question 5

Which of the following statements about bacterial ribosomes is correct?

Accepted Answer

They consist of a small 30S and large 50S subunit

Question 6

A Gram-negative bacterial cell wall contains which of the following unique components?

Accepted Answer

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)

Question 7

Which process requires energy input and moves substances against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 8

During the endospore staining procedure, what color do endospores appear under the microscope?

Accepted Answer

Green

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of bacterial inclusions?

Accepted Answer

Nutrient storage and osmotic pressure regulation

Question 10

A bacterial cell is placed in an isotonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

There will be no net movement of water

Question 11

Which of the following best describes facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules through the membrane via specific transport proteins down their concentration gradient

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Presence of membrane-bound organelles

Question 13

Which of the following statements about bacterial endospores is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Endospores can survive extreme environmental conditions

Question 14

Which formula describes the rate of simple diffusion across a membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$J = -D \frac{dC}{dx}$$

Question 15

Which of the following is a reason why bacterial cells should not be placed in pure water?

Accepted Answer

Water will enter the cell by osmosis, potentially causing lysis

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct sequence in the process of sporulation?

Accepted Answer

DNA replication, membrane invagination, peptidoglycan formation, endospore maturation

Question 17

Which of the following inclusions is involved in carbon fixation in photosynthetic bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Carboxysomes

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of magnetosomes in bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Orientation along magnetic fields (magnetotaxis)

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT part of passive transport across the cytoplasmic membrane?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 20

During the endospore stain procedure, which dye is used to stain the endospore?

Accepted Answer

Malachite green

Prokaryotic Cell Structure and Function: Microbiology Study Notes

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