Question 1

Which of the following best describes the Arrhenius definition of an acid?

Accepted Answer

A substance that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions $$\left( H^+ \right) in $$aqueous solution.

Question 2

Which of the following is a correct balanced chemical equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) \rightarrow NaCl(aq) + H_2O(l)}$$

Question 3

A student adds hydrochloric acid to a strip of magnesium metal and observes bubbles forming. Which gas is produced, and what is the balanced equation for this reaction?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen gas; $$\mathrm{2HCl(aq) + Mg(s) \rightarrow $$MgCl_2$$(aq) + H_2$(g)}$$

Question 4

Which of the following statements about the pH scale is correct?

Accepted Answer

A solution with pH 7 is neutral.

Question 5

Which of the following is a property of bases but NOT acids?

Accepted Answer

Feel slippery

Question 6

A solution of nitric acid is poured onto solid calcium hydroxide. What are the products of this reaction?

Accepted Answer

Calcium nitrate and water

Question 7

Which of the following everyday substances contains ethanoic acid?

Accepted Answer

Vinegar

Question 8

What is the net ionic equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium carbonate?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{2H^+(aq) + CO_3$^{2-}(aq) \rightarrow H_2O(l) + CO_2$(g)}$$

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why acids conduct electricity in aqueous solution?

Accepted Answer

Acids dissociate to produce ions in water.

Question 10

A student mixes sodium hydroxide solution with ammonium chloride solution. Which gas is evolved, and what is its characteristic property?

Accepted Answer

Ammonia gas; pungent smell

Question 11

Which of the following reactions is an example of a neutralization reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H_2SO_4(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) \rightarrow Na_2SO_4(aq) + 2H_2O(l)}$$

Question 12

Which of the following indicators would turn blue in a basic solution?

Accepted Answer

Litmus

Question 13

A sample of carbonated soft drink is tested with litmus paper. What color change would you expect, and why?

Accepted Answer

Blue to red, because the drink is acidic

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct net ionic equation for the reaction of sulfuric acid with copper(II) oxide?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{2H^+(aq) + CuO(s) \rightarrow Cu$$^{2+}$$(aq) + H_2O(l)}$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the products when hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium sulfite?

Accepted Answer

Sodium chloride, water, and sulfur dioxide gas

Question 16

A white precipitate forms when carbon dioxide is bubbled through limewater. What is the chemical identity of the precipitate?

Accepted Answer

Calcium carbonate $$\left( $$CaCO_3$$ \right)$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct balanced equation for the reaction of hydrochloric acid with nickel(II) carbonate?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{2HCl(aq) + $$NiCO_3$$(s) \rightarrow $$NiCl_2$$(aq) + H_2O(l) + CO_2$(g)}$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world application of calcium hydroxide?

Accepted Answer

Adjusting soil pH in agriculture

Question 19

Which of the following best describes a salt in the context of acid-base reactions?

Accepted Answer

A compound formed when the hydrogen in an acid is replaced by a metal cation

Acids and Bases: Properties, Definitions, and Reactions

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