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Chapter 4: The Study of Chemical Reactions – Thermodynamics, Kinetics, and Reaction Mechanisms

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Radical Initiators

  • What are Radical Initiators?
    03:49
  • Heterolytic vs. Homolytic Bond Cleavage .
    04:39

Radical Stability

  • The radical stability trend.
    03:43
  • Determine which of the following radicals is the most stable.
    03:25

Energy Diagram

  • Favorability and rate of Free Energy Diagrams
    01:14
  • Favorability and rate of Free Energy Diagrams
    00:34
  • Favorability and rate of Free Energy Diagrams
    02:18

Gibbs Free Energy

  • Intermediates vs. Transition States
    06:55
  • Breaking down the different terms of the Gibbs Free Energy equation.
    05:02

Enthalpy

  • How to calculate enthalpy using bond dissociation energies.
    04:09
  • Calculating Enthalpies
    04:38

Entropy

  • 3 ways to increase entropy.
    07:11
  • Explaining what entropy is.
    02:46

Hammond Postulate

  • Defining the Hammond Postulate.
    01:30
  • Bromination explains the Hammond Postulate.
    02:58
  • Chlorination explains the Hammond Postulate.
    05:23

Carbocation Intermediates – Stability

  • Determining Carbocation Stability
    05:58
  • Predicting the most stable carbocation
    01:21

Radical Chain Reaction

  • The one reaction that alkanes will actually undergo.
    02:05
  • Explaining the following problem.
    00:34
  • Show the entire chain reaction mechanism.
    04:08

Radical Selectivity

  • Predict the Product.
    00:48
  • Predict the Product.
    01:02
  • Using the Hammond Postulate to describe radical chlorination.
    03:03

Non-Carbon Chiral Centers

  • Determining R and S with Lone Pairs
    02:33
  • Understanding Other Chiral Atoms
    05:41

Cyclopropanation

  • Reaction with a simple carbene.
    01:48
  • Reaction with diazomethane and light or heat.
    03:01
  • Reaction with chloroform (CHCl3) and tert-butoxide.
    03:04