Q: Given a dipole moment $$\mu = 3.0\ D$$ and a bond length $$d = 1.0\ \text{\AA}$$, what is the magnitude of the charge separation $$q in $$Coulombs? (1 D = $$3.336 \times 10$$^{-30}$$ C·m, 1$$\ \text{\AA} = 1.0 \times $$10^{-10} m)$$

$$q = 1.0 \times 10$$^{-19}$$\ \text{C}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is the correct electronic configuration for nitrogen (atomic number 7)?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$\ $$2s^2$$\ $$2p^3$$

Question 2

Which of the following molecules violates the octet rule?

Accepted Answer

BF$$_3$$

Question 3

Given a compound with 40.0% carbon, 6.7% hydrogen, and 53.3% oxygen by mass, and a molar mass of 180 g/mol, what is its molecular formula?

Accepted Answer

C$$_6H$_{12}O$_6$$

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct Lewis structure for the nitrate ion (NO$$_3^-$$)?

Accepted Answer

A central N atom double bonded to one O and single bonded to two O atoms, each with a negative charge, with resonance among the three O atoms.

Question 5

A solution is prepared by dissolving 3.65 g of HCl (molar mass = 36.5 g/mol) in enough water to make 1.00 L of solution. What is the pH of the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = 1.0$$

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the resonance stabilization in the acetate ion (CH$$_3$$COO$$^-$$)?

Accepted Answer

The negative charge is delocalized equally over both oxygen atoms.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about sigma ($$\sigma) $$and pi ($$\pi) $$bonds is correct?

Accepted Answer

$$\sigma$$ bonds result from head-on overlap of orbitals, while $$\pi$$ bonds result from side-on overlap.

Question 8

Which of the following molecules would have the highest boiling point?

Accepted Answer

CH$$_3CH$_2OH$$

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct statement about hydrogen bonding?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonding occurs when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative atoms like N, O, or F.

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct formal charge on the central atom in the Lewis structure of SO$$_4$$^{2-}$$?

Accepted Answer

Formal charge on S is $$+2$$

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct application of the Arrhenius definition of acids and bases?

Accepted Answer

An Arrhenius acid increases $$[H^+] in $$aqueous solution.

Question 12

Which of the following factors would increase the acidity of a molecule?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the resonance stabilization of its conjugate base.

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why HF is a weaker acid than HI?

Accepted Answer

The H–F bond is much stronger and harder to break than the H–I bond.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct statement about the effect of hybridization on acidity?

Accepted Answer

An sp-hybridized atom is more acidic than an sp$$^3-$$hybridized atom.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the effect of induction on acidity?

Accepted Answer

Electron-withdrawing groups increase acidity by stabilizing the conjugate base.

Question 16

Which of the following compounds is most soluble in water?

Accepted Answer

CH$$_3$$COOH

Question 17

Given a dipole moment $$\mu = 3.0\ D$$ and a bond length $$d = 1.0\ 	ext{\AA}$$, what is the magnitude of the charge separation $$q in $$Coulombs? (1 D = $$3.336 	imes 10$$^{-30}$$ C·m, 1$$\ 	ext{\AA} = 1.0 	imes $$10^{-10} m)$$

Accepted Answer

$$q = 1.0 	imes 10$$^{-19}$$\ 	ext{C}$$

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a possible resonance structure for the formate ion (HCOO$$^-$$)?

Accepted Answer

A structure with a double bond between C and both O atoms simultaneously.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the interaction between two molecules of CH$$_3Cl$$?

Accepted Answer

Dipole-dipole interactions

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the Lewis definition of acids and bases?

Accepted Answer

A Lewis acid is an electron pair acceptor.

Exam I Study Guide: Structure, Bonding, Acids & Bases, and Intermolecular Forces

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