Question 1

Which of the following best describes the functional group present in acetaminophen (Tylenol)?

Accepted Answer

Amide

Question 2

Rank the following compounds in order of increasing boiling point (1 = lowest): sodium chloride (NaCl), acetaminophen (Tylenol), acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin).

Accepted Answer

1. Acetaminophen, 2. Acetylsalicylic acid, 3. Sodium chloride

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true regarding constitutional isomers?

Accepted Answer

They have the same molecular formula but different connectivity.

Question 4

What is the correct IUPAC name for the following structure: $$\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CH(CH_3$)CH_2CH_3}$$?

Accepted Answer

3-Methylpentane

Question 5

Which of the following molecules are constitutional isomers?

Accepted Answer

2,2,4-Trimethylpentane and 3-isopropyl-2,4-dimethylpentane

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why sodium chloride has a much higher boiling point than acetaminophen?

Accepted Answer

Sodium chloride forms ionic bonds, which are stronger than the intermolecular forces in acetaminophen.

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct condensed structural formula for 2,2,4-trimethylpentane?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{(CH_3$)_3CCH_2CH_3}$$

Question 8

Which of the following statements about boiling points is correct?

Accepted Answer

Boiling point increases with increasing molecular weight for alkanes.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a property of alkanes?

Accepted Answer

They are highly reactive with acids.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the relationship between acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) and acetaminophen (Tylenol)?

Accepted Answer

They are different compounds with different functional groups.

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct expanded formula for 3-isopropyl-2,4-dimethylpentane?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CH_3CH(CH_3$)CH(CH_3$)CH_2CH(CH(CH_3$)_2)CH_3$}$$

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between a constitutional isomer and a stereoisomer?

Accepted Answer

Constitutional isomers differ in connectivity, while stereoisomers differ in spatial arrangement.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct statement about the physical properties of alkanes?

Accepted Answer

Alkanes have lower boiling points than alcohols of similar molecular weight.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the structure with the formula $$\mathrm{C_8H_{18}}$$ and the following connectivity: $$\mathrm{(CH_3$)_3CCH_2CH_3}$$?

Accepted Answer

2,2,4-Trimethylpentane

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why 2,2,4-trimethylpentane is used as a reference fuel in octane rating?

Accepted Answer

It resists knocking due to its branched structure.

Study Guide: Alkane Names and Properties (Organic Chemistry)

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