What is the major product of the reaction of 2-methyl-2-butene with each of the following reagents?
g. H₂O + H₂SO₄

검증된 단계별 안내

Step 1: Recognize the type of reaction. The addition of H2O in the presence of H2SO4 is an example of acid-catalyzed hydration, which follows Markovnikov's rule.

Step 2: Identify the structure of the starting material, 2-methyl-2-butene. It is an alkene with a double bond between the second and third carbons, and a methyl group attached to the second carbon.

Step 3: Understand the mechanism. The reaction begins with the protonation of the double bond by H2SO4, forming a carbocation intermediate. The more stable carbocation will form, which is the tertiary carbocation at the second carbon due to the presence of the methyl group.

Step 4: Water (H2O) acts as a nucleophile and attacks the carbocation, leading to the formation of an oxonium ion. This step adds the -OH group to the carbon with the carbocation.

Step 5: Deprotonation of the oxonium ion occurs, resulting in the final product. The major product will be 2-methyl-2-butanol, as the -OH group is added to the more substituted carbon (Markovnikov's rule).

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이 영상 해법은 위 문제에 도움이 된다고 튜터들이 추천한 것입니다.

영상 길이:

주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Electrophilic Addition

Electrophilic addition is a fundamental reaction mechanism in organic chemistry where an electrophile reacts with a nucleophile, typically involving alkenes. In the case of 2-methyl-2-butene, the double bond acts as a nucleophile, attacking an electrophile, which leads to the formation of a more stable carbocation intermediate. This mechanism is crucial for understanding how alkenes react with various reagents.

Markovnikov's Rule

Markovnikov's Rule states that in the addition of HX to an alkene, the hydrogen atom will attach to the carbon with the greater number of hydrogen atoms already attached. This principle helps predict the regioselectivity of the reaction products. In the reaction of 2-methyl-2-butene with H2O in the presence of H2SO4, this rule guides the formation of the major product by determining where the hydroxyl group will be added.

Carbocation Stability

Carbocation stability is a key concept in organic chemistry that refers to the relative stability of positively charged carbon species. Tertiary carbocations are more stable than secondary or primary ones due to hyperconjugation and inductive effects from surrounding alkyl groups. In the reaction of 2-methyl-2-butene, the formation of a more stable tertiary carbocation intermediate is favored, influencing the final product of the reaction.

What is the major product of the reaction of 2-methyl-2-butene with each of the following reagents?g. H2O + H2SO4