Skip to main content
Ch.3 - Structure and Stereochemistry of Alkanes
Wade - Organic Chemistry 9th Edition
Wade9th EditionOrganic ChemistryISBN: 9780135213728당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경
모든 교과서Wade 9th EditionCh.3 - Structure and Stereochemistry of Alkanes문제 37c,d
3장, 문제 37c,d

Each of the following descriptions applies to more than one alkane. In each case, draw and name two structures that match the description.
c. a cis-diethylcyclohexane
d. a trans-dihalocyclopentane

검증된 단계별 안내
1
Understand the problem: You are tasked with drawing and naming two structures for each description. The descriptions involve specific stereochemical configurations (cis and trans) and substituents on cycloalkanes. Let's break this down step by step.
Step for part (c): 'cis-diethylcyclohexane':
1. Recall that 'cis' means both substituents are on the same side of the cyclohexane ring (either both axial or both equatorial).
2. Draw the cyclohexane ring in its chair conformation. Place one ethyl group on a carbon atom in the ring. Then, place the second ethyl group on a different carbon atom such that both groups are on the same side of the ring (either both pointing up or both pointing down).
3. Repeat the process to create a second structure by placing the ethyl groups on different carbons of the ring, ensuring the 'cis' configuration is maintained.
4. Name the structures according to IUPAC nomenclature, ensuring the positions of the ethyl groups are correctly numbered to give the lowest possible locants.
Step for part (d): 'trans-dihalocyclopentane':
1. Recall that 'trans' means the two halogen substituents are on opposite sides of the cyclopentane ring (one pointing up and the other pointing down).
2. Draw the cyclopentane ring. Place one halogen atom (e.g., chlorine or bromine) on a carbon atom in the ring. Then, place the second halogen atom on a different carbon atom such that the two halogens are on opposite sides of the ring.
3. Repeat the process to create a second structure by placing the halogen atoms on different carbons of the ring, ensuring the 'trans' configuration is maintained.
4. Name the structures according to IUPAC nomenclature, specifying the positions of the halogen atoms and their identities (e.g., 1,2-dibromocyclopentane).

비슷한 문제에 대한 검증된 영상 답변:

이 영상 해법은 위 문제에 도움이 된다고 튜터들이 추천한 것입니다.
영상 길이:
4m

주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Cis-Trans Isomerism

Cis-trans isomerism, also known as geometric isomerism, occurs in compounds with restricted rotation around a bond, typically in cyclic structures or alkenes. In cis isomers, substituents are on the same side of the double bond or ring, while in trans isomers, they are on opposite sides. Understanding this concept is crucial for drawing and naming structures like cis-diethylcyclohexane and trans-dihalocyclopentane.
추천 영상:
00:44
Is the following cyclohexane cis or trans?

Cycloalkanes

Cycloalkanes are saturated hydrocarbons that contain carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure. They can exhibit different conformations and isomeric forms based on the arrangement of substituents around the ring. Recognizing the properties and naming conventions of cycloalkanes is essential for accurately representing structures like diethylcyclohexane and dihalocyclopentane.
추천 영상:
01:11
How to find the root name for cycloalkanes

Substituent Naming and Positioning

In organic chemistry, substituents are groups attached to the main carbon chain or ring. Proper naming involves identifying the type and position of these substituents, which is critical for distinguishing between isomers. For example, in diethylcyclohexane, the positions of the ethyl groups must be specified to differentiate between cis and trans forms, as well as in dihalocyclopentane where the halogen substituents' positions affect the compound's name and properties.
추천 영상:
02:25
Name the longest carbon chain and substituents
관련 실천
교과서 질문

Draw the structure that corresponds with each name.

i. tert-butylcyclohexane

j. pentylcyclohexane

1133
views
교과서 질문

Each of the following descriptions applies to more than one alkane. In each case, draw and name two structures that match the description.

a. an isopropylheptane

b. a diethyldecane

1112
views
교과서 질문

Draw the structure that corresponds with each name.

e. 2,2,4,4-tetramethylhexane

f. trans-1,3-diethylcyclopentane

2138
views
교과서 질문

Give the IUPAC names of the following alkanes.

(a) CH3C(CH3)2CH(CH2CH3)CH2CH2CH(CH3)2

(b)

2238
views
교과서 질문

Each of the following descriptions applies to more than one alkane. In each case, draw and name two structures that match the description.

e. a (2,3-dimethylpentyl)cycloalkane

622
views
교과서 질문

Each of the following descriptions applies to more than one alkane. In each case, draw and name two structures that match the description.

f. a bicyclononane

664
views