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Ch.3 - Structure and Stereochemistry of Alkanes
Wade - Organic Chemistry 9th Edition
Wade9th EditionOrganic ChemistryISBN: 9780135213728당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경
모든 교과서Wade 9th EditionCh.3 - Structure and Stereochemistry of Alkanes문제 37f
3장, 문제 37f

Each of the following descriptions applies to more than one alkane. In each case, draw and name two structures that match the description.
f. a bicyclononane

검증된 단계별 안내
1
Step 1: Understand the term 'bicyclononane'. A bicyclononane is a bicyclic alkane with a total of nine carbon atoms. The prefix 'bicyclo-' indicates that the molecule contains two rings, and 'nonane' specifies that there are nine carbons in total.
Step 2: Recall the general formula for bicyclic alkanes: CnH2n-2. For bicyclononane, n = 9, so the molecular formula is C9H16. This accounts for the two rings and the absence of double bonds.
Step 3: Consider the possible ring structures. Bicyclononane can have different arrangements of the two rings, such as fused rings (sharing two or more carbons) or bridged rings (connected by a bridge of carbons). Ensure the total number of carbons in the structure equals nine.
Step 4: Draw two distinct structures that satisfy the description. For example, one structure could have a 6-membered ring fused with a 3-membered ring, while another could have a 5-membered ring bridged by a 4-membered ring. Label the carbons clearly to verify the total count.
Step 5: Name the two structures using IUPAC nomenclature rules for bicyclic alkanes. The name should include the prefix 'bicyclo-', followed by the number of carbons in each ring (excluding the bridgehead carbons), and the total number of carbons in the molecule. For example, 'bicyclo[4.3.0]nonane' or 'bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane'.

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Alkane Structure

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons consisting only of carbon and hydrogen atoms, connected by single bonds. Their general formula is CnH2n+2, where 'n' is the number of carbon atoms. Understanding the basic structure of alkanes is crucial for identifying and drawing their various isomers, including cyclic and branched forms.
추천 영상:
02:47
Functionalizing Alkanes

Bicyclic Compounds

Bicyclic compounds contain two interconnected rings in their structure. In the case of bicyclononane, it consists of nine carbon atoms arranged in two fused rings. Recognizing the characteristics of bicyclic structures is essential for drawing and naming compounds that fit specific descriptions, such as those involving multiple rings.
추천 영상:
01:55
The two types of bicyclic molecules

Isomerism

Isomerism refers to the existence of compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements. In alkanes, isomers can vary in branching, ring formation, and connectivity. Understanding isomerism is vital for generating the correct structures that match the given description of bicyclononane, as multiple isomers can exist for a single molecular formula.
추천 영상:
06:47
Monosaccharides - D and L Isomerism
관련 실천
교과서 질문

Construct a graph, similar to Figure 3-11, of the torsional energy of 3-methylpentane along the C2―C3 bond.

a. Place C2 in front, represented by three bonds coming together in a Y shape, and C3 in back, represented by a circle with three bonds pointing out from it.

b. Define the dihedral angle as the angle between the methyl group on the front carbon and the ethyl group on the back carbon.

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교과서 질문

Each of the following descriptions applies to more than one alkane. In each case, draw and name two structures that match the description.

a. an isopropylheptane

b. a diethyldecane

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교과서 질문

Construct a graph, similar to Figure 3-11, of the torsional energy of 3-methylpentane along the C2―C3 bond.

c. Begin your graph at the 0° dihedral angle and begin to turn the front carbon.

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교과서 질문

Each of the following descriptions applies to more than one alkane. In each case, draw and name two structures that match the description.

c. a cis-diethylcyclohexane

d. a trans-dihalocyclopentane

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교과서 질문

Give the IUPAC names of the following alkanes.

(a) CH3C(CH3)2CH(CH2CH3)CH2CH2CH(CH3)2

(b)

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교과서 질문

Each of the following descriptions applies to more than one alkane. In each case, draw and name two structures that match the description.

e. a (2,3-dimethylpentyl)cycloalkane

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