Question 1

Which construct was added to the Health Belief Model (HBM) after its initial development to better predict health behavior change?

Accepted Answer

Perceived self-efficacy

Question 2

In the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), which construct distinguishes it from the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA)?

Accepted Answer

Perceived behavioral control

Question 3

A public health campaign aims to increase flu vaccination rates by making clinics more accessible and reducing costs. According to the Health Belief Model (HBM), which construct is the campaign primarily targeting?

Accepted Answer

Perceived barriers

Question 4

Which of the following best describes 'subjective norms' in the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA)?

Accepted Answer

Beliefs about whether important others approve or disapprove of a behavior

Question 5

In the context of the COVID-19 distancing study, which construct was found to decrease from April to July 2020, potentially explaining reduced distancing behavior?

Accepted Answer

Subjective norms

Question 6

Which equation best represents the relationship between constructs in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)?

Accepted Answer

$$Behavioral\ Intention = Attitude + Subjective\ Norms + Perceived\ Behavioral\ Control$$

Question 7

A student believes that getting a flu shot will protect them and others, but is worried about the cost and time required. According to the Health Belief Model (HBM), which two constructs are most relevant to this scenario?

Accepted Answer

Perceived benefits and perceived barriers

Question 8

Which cognitive model integrates constructs from HBM, TRA, and TPB, and adds descriptive norms and self-efficacy for a comprehensive approach?

Accepted Answer

Integrative Behavioral Model (IBM)

Question 9

In the H1N1 flu vaccine campaign study, which factor was found to be most important in predicting vaccination behavior?

Accepted Answer

Perceived barriers

Question 10

Which of the following is a limitation of cognitive models like HBM and TPB when applied to public health interventions?

Accepted Answer

They may risk blaming individuals for health outcomes by ignoring systemic factors.

Question 11

A campaign uses reminders and triggers, such as text messages and posters, to prompt people to get vaccinated. Which HBM construct is being targeted?

Accepted Answer

Cues to action

Question 12

If a person intends to get a flu shot but does not follow through because they feel unable to afford it or fear needles, which TPB construct is most relevant to this gap between intention and behavior?

Accepted Answer

Perceived behavioral control

Question 13

Which of the following best illustrates the application of an equity-centered model in public health?

Accepted Answer

Addressing systemic barriers such as lack of internet access and reallocating resources by zip code

Question 14

In the Integrative Behavioral Model (IBM), which construct refers to a person’s confidence in their ability to perform a behavior?

Accepted Answer

Self-efficacy

Question 15

Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates the concept of 'perceived susceptibility' in the Health Belief Model?

Accepted Answer

Believing you are likely to catch the flu this year

Question 16

A student’s decision to get a flu shot is influenced by their friends’ and family’s opinions. Which construct from TRA and TPB does this represent?

Accepted Answer

Subjective norms

Question 17

Which formula best represents the Health Belief Model’s prediction of likelihood of behavior change?

Accepted Answer

$$Likelihood\ of\ Behavior\ Change = (Perceived\ Susceptibility + Perceived\ Severity + Perceived\ Benefits) - (Perceived\ Barriers)$$

Question 18

Which construct in the IBM model is most closely related to the concept of 'personal agency'?

Accepted Answer

Self-efficacy

Question 19

A campaign in a disinvested neighborhood ensures sign-ups do not exclude people without internet access. Which equity-centered principle is being applied?

Accepted Answer

Addressing systemic inequities in access

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a construct in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)?

Accepted Answer

Perceived severity

Cognitive Theories & Models in Public Health: Foundations and Applications

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