Question 1

Which of the following nutrients is classified as a micronutrient and is primarily responsible for regulating body processes rather than supplying energy?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Question 2

A 70 kg adult requires protein according to the RDA. Using the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of $$0.8\ \mathrm{g/kg} of $$body weight, how many grams of protein should this person consume daily?

Accepted Answer

$$56\ \mathrm{g}$$

Question 3

Which of the following statements best explains why water is considered more vital to life than food?

Accepted Answer

Water provides the medium necessary for all chemical reactions and is not stored in the body.

Question 4

A patient has a waist circumference of 42 inches and a BMI of 28. Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding their health risk?

Accepted Answer

They are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease due to central obesity.

Question 5

Which of the following is a complete protein source?

Accepted Answer

Red meat

Question 6

A patient is prescribed a fat-restricted diet. Which of the following recommendations is most appropriate based on current guidelines?

Accepted Answer

Limit saturated fats to less than 10% of daily calories.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the process by which carbohydrates are converted to glucose and transported to the liver?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates are digested, converted to glucose, absorbed into the blood, and transported via the portal vein to the liver.

Question 8

A 1.8 meter tall adult weighs 90 kg. Calculate their Body Mass Index (BMI) using the formula $$\mathrm{BMI} = \frac{\mathrm{weight\ (kg)}}{\mathrm{height\ (m)}^2}.$$

Accepted Answer

$$27.8$$

Question 9

Which vitamin is fat-soluble and essential for blood clotting?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K

Question 10

A patient with a history of alcohol use disorder is at risk for which of the following nutritional deficiencies?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B-complex deficiencies

Question 11

Which of the following is a recommended method for confirming nasogastric (NG) feeding tube placement before initiating enteral nutrition?

Accepted Answer

Radiographic examination

Question 12

Which of the following is a potential complication of total parenteral nutrition (TPN)?

Accepted Answer

Infection and sepsis

Question 13

A vegetarian wants to ensure they are consuming complete proteins. Which of the following strategies is most effective?

Accepted Answer

Combine different plant proteins such as beans and rice.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of minerals in the body?

Accepted Answer

They provide structure and help regulate body processes.

Question 15

A patient is receiving enteral nutrition via a PEG tube. Which of the following is the most important nursing intervention to prevent complications?

Accepted Answer

Monitor for gastric residual volume (GRV) and signs of intolerance.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about fat digestion is correct?

Accepted Answer

Bile emulsifies fat in the small intestine, allowing pancreatic enzymes to break it down.

Question 17

Which of the following is a characteristic of water-soluble vitamins?

Accepted Answer

They are not stored in the body and must be consumed regularly.

Question 18

A patient is prescribed a consistent carbohydrate diet. This diet is most appropriate for which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Diabetes mellitus

Question 19

Which of the following factors would most likely increase a person's basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

Accepted Answer

Fever

Question 20

A patient is being assessed for nutritional status. Which of the following is an example of an anthropometric measurement?

Accepted Answer

Body Mass Index (BMI)

Ch 37: Nutrition

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