Question 1

The first image shows a narrowed artery with a buildup of yellowish material. What is the most likely diagnosis, and what is the primary risk associated with this condition?

Accepted Answer

Atherosclerosis; risk of ischemia and infarction

Question 2

Which arteries in the arm are commonly palpated to assess peripheral pulses, as shown in the second image?

Accepted Answer

Radial and brachial arteries

Question 3

A nurse is palpating the patient's arm as shown in the third image. Which lymph node is being assessed, and why is this important?

Accepted Answer

Epitrochlear lymph node; to assess for infection or systemic disease

Question 4

The fourth image highlights pulse sites in the legs. Which arteries should be palpated to assess lower extremity perfusion?

Accepted Answer

Femoral, popliteal, posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis

Question 5

A patient is having their leg elevated as shown in the fifth image. What is the purpose of this maneuver in peripheral vascular assessment?

Accepted Answer

To assess for dependent rubor and arterial insufficiency

Question 6

The sixth image shows the lymphatic system. Which lymph nodes are indicated, and what is their clinical significance in lower limb assessment?

Accepted Answer

Inguinal lymph nodes; they drain the lower extremities and genitalia

Question 7

A nurse is palpating the groin area as shown in the seventh image. What is the nurse assessing for?

Accepted Answer

Femoral pulse and inguinal lymph nodes

Question 8

The eighth image shows palpation of the calf. What condition is being assessed, and what is a key sign to look for?

Accepted Answer

Deep vein thrombosis; look for swelling, warmth, and tenderness

Question 9

The ninth image shows palpation near the ankle. Which pulse is being assessed?

Accepted Answer

Posterior tibial pulse

Question 10

The tenth image shows palpation on the top of the foot. Which pulse is being assessed, and why is it important?

Accepted Answer

Dorsalis pedis pulse; to assess arterial perfusion to the foot

Question 11

The eleventh image shows the venous system of the legs. Which vein is most commonly associated with varicose veins?

Accepted Answer

Great saphenous vein

Question 12

The twelfth image shows significant swelling and pitting in the lower extremity. How would you grade this edema if the indentation remains for more than 30 seconds?

Accepted Answer

4+ pitting edema

Question 13

A nurse is pressing on the shin as shown in the thirteenth image. What is the nurse assessing for?

Accepted Answer

Pretibial edema

Question 14

The fourteenth image shows a nurse palpating both lower legs. What is the purpose of comparing both sides during this assessment?

Accepted Answer

To detect asymmetry indicating possible DVT or lymphedema

Question 15

The fifteenth image shows a Doppler device being used. What is the primary purpose of this tool in peripheral vascular assessment?

Accepted Answer

To detect weak or non-palpable pulses

Question 16

The sixteenth image shows a mottled, bluish skin pattern in an infant. What is this condition called, and is it typically concerning?

Accepted Answer

Cutis marmorata; usually benign and transient

Question 17

The seventeenth image shows a foot with a dark ulcer on the toe. What is the most likely underlying cause?

Accepted Answer

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD)

Question 18

The eighteenth image shows a large, irregular ulcer on the lower leg. Which vascular disorder is most commonly associated with this type of ulcer?

Accepted Answer

Chronic venous insufficiency

Question 19

The nineteenth image shows a pale, dry foot with thickened nails. Which condition is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Chronic arterial insufficiency

Peripheral Vascular System: Assessment and Health Promotion

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