Question 1

A patient with chronic stable angina is prescribed both short-acting and long-acting nitrates. Which statement best describes how these medications should be used together?

Accepted Answer

Short-acting nitrates are used during acute angina episodes, and long-acting nitrates are used regularly to prevent angina.

Question 2

Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD)?

Accepted Answer

Smoking tobacco

Question 3

A patient with hypertension is prescribed captopril, an ACE inhibitor. Which teaching point is most important regarding this medication?

Accepted Answer

Report persistent dry cough to your healthcare provider.

Question 4

A patient with COPD is instructed to use pursed lip breathing. What is the primary benefit of this technique?

Accepted Answer

It decreases carbon dioxide retention.

Question 5

A patient with asthma is prescribed salmeterol (Serevent) and triamcinolone (Azmacort). Which statement is correct regarding the use of these medications?

Accepted Answer

Triamcinolone is used for long-term control, and salmeterol should be used only in combination with an inhaled corticosteroid.

Question 6

A patient with tuberculosis is being treated with isoniazid (INH), rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. Which laboratory test is most important to monitor during therapy?

Accepted Answer

Liver function tests

Question 7

A patient with pneumonia is having difficulty clearing their airway. Which teaching strategy is most effective to facilitate airway clearance?

Accepted Answer

Teach the patient to use incentive spirometry and perform deep breathing exercises.

Question 8

A patient with hypertension experiences elevated blood pressure only in clinical settings but normal readings at home. What is this phenomenon called?

Accepted Answer

White coat hypertension

Question 9

A patient with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is prescribed warfarin (Coumadin). Which teaching point is most important?

Accepted Answer

Monitor for signs of bleeding and avoid activities that may cause injury.

Question 10

A patient with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is experiencing pain in the lower extremities during walking. What is this symptom called?

Accepted Answer

Intermittent claudication

Question 11

A patient with chronic bronchitis, a form of COPD, is being discharged. Which instruction is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Gradually increase activity tolerance and use pursed lip breathing during exertion.

Question 12

A patient with stable angina is prescribed a nitroglycerin patch. Which statement is correct regarding its use?

Accepted Answer

Remove the patch at night to prevent tolerance.

Question 13

A patient with tuberculosis is being treated. When is it safe to discontinue isolation precautions?

Accepted Answer

When three consecutive sputum cultures are negative for M. tuberculosis.

Question 14

A patient with Raynaud’s phenomenon is being discharged. Which teaching point is most important?

Accepted Answer

Avoid exposure to cold and manage stress.

Question 15

A patient with asthma is prescribed albuterol (Ventolin) nebulizer and methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) IV. Which statement is correct regarding their use?

Accepted Answer

Albuterol provides rapid bronchodilation, while methylprednisolone reduces airway inflammation.

Question 16

A patient with pneumonia is diagnosed using a blood culture. What is the primary purpose of this test?

Accepted Answer

To identify the causative organism and guide antibiotic therapy.

Question 17

A patient with Buerger’s Disease is being discharged. Which teaching point is most important?

Accepted Answer

Encourage smoking cessation to prevent disease progression.

Question 18

A patient with COPD is prescribed home oxygen therapy. Which statement best describes the benefit of this therapy?

Accepted Answer

It improves survival and quality of life in patients with chronic hypoxemia.

Question 19

A patient with hypertension is diagnosed with secondary hypertension. Which of the following best describes secondary hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Hypertension resulting from another identifiable medical condition.

Question 20

A patient with stable angina is prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin. Which instruction is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Place one tablet under the tongue at the onset of chest pain and repeat every 5 minutes up to three times if pain persists.

Personal Health Study Guide: Cardiovascular and Respiratory Health

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