Q: If a person reduces their LDL cholesterol from 160 mg/dL to 100 mg/dL, what is the percentage decrease?

$$ \frac{160 - 100}{160} \times 100 = 37.5\% $$

Question 1

Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD)?

Accepted Answer

Physical inactivity

Question 2

A patient has a total cholesterol of 250 mg/dL, LDL of 160 mg/dL, and HDL of 38 mg/dL. According to the study materials, which statement best describes their cardiovascular risk profile?

Accepted Answer

They have a modifiable risk profile that increases their risk for CVD.

Question 3

Which of the following actions would most significantly decrease the likelihood of developing cardiovascular problems?

Accepted Answer

Participating in moderate physical activity several times a week.

Question 4

Which individual is at the highest risk for cardiovascular disease based on non-modifiable risk factors only?

Accepted Answer

65-year-old African American man whose father had a heart attack at age 45.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT considered a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Ethnicity

Question 6

A 45-year-old male has a family history of heart attack, is physically inactive, and smokes tobacco. Which risk factors for CVD does he have?

Accepted Answer

Both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors

Question 7

According to the study materials, which ethnic group has the highest prevalence of cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

African Americans

Question 8

Which of the following best describes metabolic syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A cluster of risk factors including high triglycerides, low HDL, and obesity

Question 9

If a person reduces their LDL cholesterol from 160 mg/dL to 100 mg/dL, what is the percentage decrease?

Accepted Answer

$$ \frac{160 - 100}{160} 	imes 100 = 37.5\% $$

Question 10

Which scenario best illustrates the impact of a modifiable risk factor on cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

A man lowers his blood pressure through regular exercise and reduces his risk of CVD.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding high triglyceride levels?

Accepted Answer

Individuals with high triglyceride levels are at a higher risk of developing CVD compared to those with similar cholesterol levels.

Question 12

Which of the following is a characteristic of metabolic syndrome?

Accepted Answer

High triglycerides and low HDL

Question 13

A 55-year-old man has a BMI of 32, smokes tobacco, and has high blood pressure. Which risk factors for CVD does he have?

Accepted Answer

Obesity, smoking, and elevated blood pressure (all modifiable)

Question 14

Which of the following is the best example of a non-modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Sex

Question 15

A person with a family history of heart attack, high LDL cholesterol, and sedentary lifestyle is at risk for CVD due to:

Accepted Answer

Both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the relationship between modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for CVD?

Accepted Answer

Modifiable risk factors can be changed through lifestyle choices, while non-modifiable risk factors cannot be altered.

Question 17

Which of the following is most likely to increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Smoking tobacco

Question 18

A 40-year-old woman has a total cholesterol of 220 mg/dL, LDL of 140 mg/dL, and HDL of 45 mg/dL. Which of the following interventions would most effectively reduce her risk for CVD?

Accepted Answer

Increasing her HDL through regular aerobic exercise

Question 19

Which formula would you use to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI) for a person who weighs 80 kg and is 1.75 m tall?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{BMI} = \frac{80}{(1.75)^2$} $$

Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease

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